Shloka 13

Munipraśna-varṇana

Description of the Sages’ Inquiry

Devanagari script

परापवादनिरताः परद्र व्याभिलाषिणः । परस्त्रीसक्तमनसः परहिंसापरायणाः

Transliteration

parāpavādaniratāḥ paradra vyābhilāṣiṇaḥ | parastrīsaktamanasaḥ parahiṃsāparāyaṇāḥ

Translation

Mereka sentiasa sibuk memfitnah orang lain, mengingini harta orang lain; hati terpaut pada isteri orang, dan cenderung melakukan kekerasan terhadap sesama.

Word by Word

• पर-अपवाद-निरताः: engaged in slandering others
• पर-अपवाद-निरताः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक) + अपवाद (प्रातिपदिक) + निरत (कृदन्त; √रम् धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समासः—परस्य अपवादः इति षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः, तस्मिन् निरताः (past participle used adjectivally)

• पर-द्रव्य-अभिलाषिणः: desiring others’ wealth
• पर-द्रव्य-अभिलाषिणः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक) + द्रव्य (प्रातिपदिक) + अभिलाषिन् (प्रातिपदिक/तद्धित-प्राय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समासः—परस्य द्रव्यं (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) + तदभिलाषिणः (उपपद-तत्पुरुष)

• पर-स्त्री-सक्त-मनसः: whose minds are attached to others’ women
• पर-स्त्री-सक्त-मनसः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक) + स्त्री (प्रातिपदिक) + सक्त (कृदन्त; √सञ्ज् धातु) + मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—येषां मनः परस्त्रीषु सक्तं ते

• पर-हिंसा-परायणाः: devoted to harming others
• पर-हिंसा-परायणाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक) + हिंसा (प्रातिपदिक) + परायण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; समासः—परस्य हिंसा (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) + तत्र परायणाः (तत्पुरुष)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Bhairava

Jyotirlinga Context

Sthala Purana: Not a sthala episode; it catalogs Kali-yuga pāśa as social/ethical corruption (slander, theft, adultery, violence), which Śaiva texts treat as karma-bandha intensifiers.

Significance: Implied need for prāyaścitta and Śiva-upāsanā; tīrtha and temple discipline counteract these specific pāśas by cultivating satya, ahiṃsā, and aparigraha.

Shakti Dimension

Shakti Form: Durgā

Role: destructive

Cosmic Context

Cosmic Event: Kali-yuga ethical inversion continues.

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It identifies four binding impurities—slander, greed for others’ wealth, illicit desire, and violence—that strengthen pāśa (bondage) and obstruct Shiva-bhakti and liberation.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga-worship is not merely external; devotion to Saguna Shiva requires inner purity (śauca) and restraint. These vices contradict the reverence, compassion, and self-control expected of a Shiva-upāsaka.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Practice japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with vows of ahiṃsā, truthful speech (avoiding calumny), non-stealing/non-coveting, and sense-restraint—treating ethical discipline as an offering to Shiva.