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Shloka 25

Dāruvana-parīkṣā: Śaṅkara’s Test and the Linga’s Ritual-Theological Grounding

ब्रह्मोवाच । ज्ञातारश्च भवन्तो वै कुर्वते गर्हितं द्विजाः । अज्ञातारो यदा कुर्युः किं पुनः कथ्यते पुनः

brahmovāca | jñātāraśca bhavanto vai kurvate garhitaṃ dvijāḥ | ajñātāro yadā kuryuḥ kiṃ punaḥ kathyate punaḥ

Brahmā bersabda: “Wahai para dwija, meskipun kamu mengetahui dharma, kamu tetap kadang-kadang melakukan perbuatan yang tercela. Jika orang yang jahil berbuat demikian, apa lagi yang perlu dikatakan?”

ब्रह्माBrahmā
ब्रह्मा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (उवाच इत्यस्य कर्ता)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
ज्ञातारःthose who know
ज्ञातारः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; कर्तृवाचक (agent noun: knowers)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
भवन्तःyou (honored ones)
भवन्तः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootभवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; आदरार्थक सर्वनाम (honorific ‘you’)
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle: indeed)
कुर्वतेdo/commit
कुर्वते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन
गर्हितम्a blameworthy act
गर्हितम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootगर्हित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मरूपेण (object)
द्विजाःO brāhmaṇas
द्विजाः:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative address)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; संबोधनार्थे प्रयोगः (vocative-sense)
अज्ञातारःthose who do not know
अज्ञातारः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअज्ञातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; नञ्-प्रत्यय (not-knowers)
यदाwhen
यदा:
Prakaraṇa (प्रकरण/Temporal modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय (temporal adverb: when)
कुर्युःshould do
कुर्युः:
Kriya (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन
किम्what
किम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object of ‘कथ्यते’)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक
पुनःthen/further
पुनः:
Prakaraṇa (प्रकरण/Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb: again/further; here: ‘then/indeed’)
कथ्यतेis to be said
कथ्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Passive verb)
TypeVerb
Rootकथ् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), कर्मणि प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Prakaraṇa (प्रकरण/Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb: again)

Brahma

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakshinamurti

Role: teaching

B
Brahma

FAQs

It highlights human fallibility: even the learned can slip into blameworthy conduct. From a Shaiva Siddhanta lens, it urges vigilance (anava-ignorance is subtle) and turning back to Shiva through repentance, right conduct, and devotion for purification.

By stressing that faults arise even in the knowledgeable, it implicitly points to the Linga-worship of Saguna Shiva as a reliable refuge—where sincere devotion, confession of faults, and disciplined worship restore dharmic alignment and inner purity.

Practice daily self-review and pray for forgiveness, then do Panchakshara japa (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with a calm mind; if following Purana-style observance, apply Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and maintain sattvic conduct during vrata/pilgrimage.