Shloka 146

सुन्दरकाण्डे अष्टपञ्चाशः सर्गः

हनुमद्वृत्तान्तकथनम्, सीताभिज्ञान-प्रदानम्, लङ्कादाह-वर्णनम्

Devanagari script

नैवं राक्षसशार्दूल त्यज्यतामेष निश्चयः।राजशास्त्रव्यपेतो हि मार्गः संसेव्यते त्वया।।।।

Transliteration

naivaṃ rākṣasaśārdūla tyajyatām eṣa niścayaḥ | rājaśāstravyapeto hi mārgaḥ saṃsevyate tvayā ||

Translation

“Bukan demikian, wahai harimau di kalangan Rākṣasa; tinggalkan tekad ini. Jalan yang engkau tempuh menyimpang daripada dharma-raja dan tidak patut diikuti.”

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle)

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of manner): ‘thus/in this way’

• rākṣasaśārdūla: O tiger among demons
• rākṣasaśārdūla: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa-śārdūla (प्रातिपदिक; components: rākṣasa + śārdūla)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (‘tiger among demons’); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• tyajyatām: let it be abandoned
• tyajyatām: Vidhi (विधि/Imperative injunction)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tyaj (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), कर्मणि प्रयोग (Passive); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• eṣaḥ: this
• eṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); niścayaḥ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• niścayaḥ: decision, resolve
• niścayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject) (of passive ‘be abandoned’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niścaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• rājaśāstra-vyapetaḥ: devoid of royal policy
• rājaśāstra-vyapetaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (as qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rājaśāstra-vyapeta (प्रातिपदिक; components: rājaśāstra + vyapeta)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative: ‘devoid of royal science/polity’); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); mārgaḥ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• hi: indeed, for
• hi: Sambandha-bodhaka (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphasis/justification)

• mārgaḥ: course, path
• mārgaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• saṃsevyate: is followed, is practiced
• saṃsevyate: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-sev (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), कर्मणि प्रयोग (Passive); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Kartr̥ (कर्ता/Agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular) सर्वनाम

Context

"Vibhishana, a tiger among demons, asked Ravana to give up his decision as it was a forbidden course according to the science of royal polity.

Characters & Entities

• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Rāvaṇa
• Rākṣasa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rāja-dharma and nīti: a ruler must act within established ethical-political norms, not by impulse or vengeance.

What is the narrative situation?

Vibhīṣaṇa advises Rāvaṇa to withdraw the decision to execute Hanumān.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vibhīṣaṇa’s commitment to principled governance and lawful conduct.