Shloka 15

द्वादशः सर्गः — Rama’s Proof of Power, the First Duel, and the Identification Mark

Kishkindha Kanda, Sarga 12

Devanagari script

सुग्रीवो व्यनदद्घोरं वालिनोऽऽह्वानकारणात्।गाढं परिहितो वेगान्नादैर्भिन्दन्निवाम्बरम्4.12.15।।

Transliteration

sugrīvo vyanadad ghoraṃ vālinō 'hvānakāraṇāt | gāḍhaṃ parihito vegān nādair bhindann ivāmbaram ||

Translation

Untuk memanggil Vali, Sugriva mengencangkan pakaiannya dengan erat lalu mengaum dengan dahsyat; pekikannya seakan-akan membelah langit.

Word by Word

• sugrīvaḥ: Sugriva
• sugrīvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā ekavacana

• vyanadat: roared/cried out
• vyanadat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-√nad (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ (imperfect), prathama-puruṣa, ekavacana; upasarga: vi-

• ghoram: terribly
• ghoram: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Dvitīyā ekavacana; adverbial accusative qualifying vyanadat

• vālinaḥ: of Vali
• vālinaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vālin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī ekavacana

• āhvānakāraṇāt: because of (the act of) calling
• āhvānakāraṇāt: Hetu (हेतु/निमित्त)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āhvāna + kāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष): āhvānasya kāraṇa = 'cause/reason of calling'; Napuṃsaka, Pañcamī ekavacana (ablative)

• gāḍham: tightly
• gāḍham: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: gāḍha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya used adverbially

• parihitaḥ: (having) fastened/wrapped
• parihitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-√dhā (धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: past passive participle (क्त), Puṃliṅga Prathamā ekavacana; agrees with sugrīvaḥ; upasarga: pari-

• vegāt: from/with force
• vegāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vega (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Pañcamī ekavacana; ablative of cause/source

• nādaiḥ: with roars/sounds
• nādaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā bahuvacana

• bhindan: piercing/splitting
• bhindan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhid (धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: present active participle (शतृ), Puṃliṅga Prathamā ekavacana; agrees with sugrīvaḥ

• iva: as if/like
• iva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, particle of comparison (उपमावाचक)

• ambaram: the sky
• ambaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ambara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Dvitīyā ekavacana

Context

Sugriva tightened up his waist- cloth hurriedly and roared terrifically as though piercing the sky. And screamed for Vali.

Characters & Entities

• Sugriva
• Vali
• sky (ambara)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Courage in pursuing rightful restoration: Sugriva openly issues the challenge required by the plan, facing fear and risk rather than retreating.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugriva formally calls Vali out by roaring loudly, initiating the confrontation.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Valor and resolve—Sugriva acts despite the danger posed by the stronger Vali.