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Shloka 30

Description and Measurements of Śākadvīpa

with Oceans, Mountains, Varṣas, and Rivers

नद्यः पुण्यजलास्तत्र गंगा च बहुधा गता । सुकुमारी कुमारी च शीता शीतोदका तथा

nadyaḥ puṇyajalāstatra gaṃgā ca bahudhā gatā | sukumārī kumārī ca śītā śītodakā tathā

Di sana sungai-sungai mengalir dengan air yang menyucikan; Gaṅgā juga mengalir dalam banyak cabang. Ada pula Sukumārī, Kumārī dan Śītā, yang airnya sejuk dingin.

नद्यःrivers
नद्यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनदी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
पुण्यजलाःhaving holy water
पुण्यजलाः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्य (प्रातिपदिक) + जल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक अव्यय (adverb of place)
गङ्गाthe Ganga
गङ्गा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
बहुधाin many ways; in many branches
बहुधा:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहुधा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb: in many ways/many branches)
गताhas gone/flowed
गता:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootगत (कृदन्त, √गम् धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle) स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); विधेय (predicative)
सुकुमारीSukumārī (a river)
सुकुमारी:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + कुमारी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); नदी-नाम (proper name)
कुमारीKumārī (a river)
कुमारी:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकुमारी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); नदी-नाम (proper name)
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
शीताŚītā (a river)
शीता:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशीता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); नदी-नाम (proper name)
शीतोदकाŚītodakā (a river)
शीतोदका:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशीत (प्रातिपदिक) + उदक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); नदी-नाम (proper name)
तथाalso, likewise
तथा:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक अव्यय (also; likewise)

Unspecified (narrative description within Svarga-khaṇḍa context)

Concept: Sacred waters purify; the presence of Gaṅgā and named rivers signals a geography of grace where contact with water equals contact with merit.

Application: Approach water with reverence—use bathing, sipping (ācamanam), and remembrance as inner purification; support river-protection as a modern dharmic extension.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: river

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A radiant river-confluence panorama where Gaṅgā divides into many glittering channels, each bordered by flowering banks and white sandbars. Nearby flow the Sukumārī and Kumārī like twin silver ribbons, while the Śītā river gleams with visibly cool, pale-blue water, mist rising like a blessing.","primary_figures":["Gaṅgā (river goddess)","river deities of Sukumārī, Kumārī, Śītā (personified)","pilgrims/sages performing snāna (optional)"],"setting":"Sacred river network with multiple streams, lotus-filled shallows, ghāṭas, and distant celestial trees; confluence stones and small shrines on the banks.","lighting_mood":"golden dawn","color_palette":["crystal white","aqua blue","lotus pink","sun-gold","sandalwood beige"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: Gaṅgā as a crowned river-goddess emerging from many branching streams, attendants holding kumbhas, ghāṭas with pilgrims; gold leaf on water highlights and jewelry, rich reds/greens in textiles, ornate lotus borders, and a central confluence rendered like a sacred yantra.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: delicate braided rivers across a serene landscape, soft dawn light, tiny sages on the banks, cool blues and pale greens; refined facial features for river-deities, lyrical trees and lotuses, and subtle mist over the Śītā’s cold waters.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: stylized river bands with rhythmic wave motifs; Gaṅgā and companion river-deities with bold outlines and large eyes, natural pigments emphasizing blue-green water and ochre banks; temple-wall composition with decorative borders.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: an intricate river-mandala with lotus motifs and floral borders; Gaṅgā’s many streams arranged symmetrically, peacocks near the banks, deep blue ground with gold detailing, and small shrine icons along the ghāṭa."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"celebratory","suggested_raga":"Durga","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"reverent-soft","sound_elements":["flowing water","conch shell","temple bells","swans/birds","soft cymbals (tāla)"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: पुण्यजलाः+तत्र → पुण्यजलास्तत्र; other words mostly in list-form (river names).

G
Gaṅgā
S
Sukumārī (river)
K
Kumārī (river)
Ś
Śītā (river)

FAQs

It presents a tīrtha-style landscape where multiple named rivers—especially the Gaṅgā—are described as inherently purifying, emphasizing holiness through waters and river networks.

The phrase suggests the Gaṅgā’s presence through multiple branches or manifestations, reinforcing her pervasive sanctity across regions and pilgrimage settings.

It reinforces reverence for sacred waters as supports for purification and pilgrimage, encouraging a mindset of sanctity, restraint, and devotional respect toward tīrthas.