Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 9

Procedure of Ācamana and Rules of Ritual Purity (Śauca)

शौचेऽप्सु सर्वदा चामेदासीनः प्रागुदङ्मुखः । शिरः प्रावृत्य कंठं वा मुक्तकेशशिखोऽपि वा

śauce'psu sarvadā cāmedāsīnaḥ prāgudaṅmukhaḥ | śiraḥ prāvṛtya kaṃṭhaṃ vā muktakeśaśikho'pi vā

Ketika bersuci dengan air, hendaklah sentiasa duduk di alas yang bebas daripada lemak/minyak, menghadap timur atau utara; dengan kepala atau tekak ditutup, atau sekalipun rambut terurai tanpa sanggul pun dibolehkan.

śaucein a clean/purified place
śauce:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśauca (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); 'in/at purification/clean place'
apsuin water
apsu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootap (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन); irregular stem 'ap-'
sarvadāalways
sarvadā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsarvadā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय)
āmedshould perform ācamana (sip water)
āmed:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootācam (धातु) + liṅ (विधिलिङ्)
FormVerb from √ācam (आचम्, to sip water/perform ācamana); Optative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
āsīnaḥbeing seated
āsīnaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootāsīna (कृदन्त; √ās (आस्) + kta/na)
FormPast/passive participial adjective 'seated'; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
prāk-udaṅ-mukhaḥfacing east or north
prāk-udaṅ-mukhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootprāk (अव्यय) + udaṅ (अव्यय) + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि) meaning 'one whose face is (towards) east/north'; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); components: prāk 'eastward', udaṅ 'northward', mukha 'face'
śiraḥhead
śiraḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśiras (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
prāvṛtyahaving covered
prāvṛtya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpra + √vṛt (वृत्) (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
FormAbsolutive/gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यपन्त-अव्यय) from pra+√vṛt 'to turn/cover/roll'; sense: 'having covered/turned over'
kaṃṭhamneck/throat
kaṃṭham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkaṃṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/alternative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय)
mukta-keśa-śikhaḥwith loosened hair/topknot
mukta-keśa-śikhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootmukta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + keśa (प्रातिपदिक) + śikhā/śikha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) descriptive compound: 'with loosened hair/topknot'; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); components: mukta 'released', keśa 'hair', śikha 'tuft/topknot'
apieven/also
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (अपि; emphasis/concession)
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/alternative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय)

Not explicitly stated in the provided excerpt (contextually: an instructional/normative voice within Svargakhaṇḍa).

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Sandhi Resolution Notes: śauce'psu = śauce + apsu; cāmed = ca + āmed; prāgudaṅmukhaḥ treated as prāk-udaṅ-mukhaḥ (bahuvrīhi); muktakeśaśikho'pi = mukta-keśa-śikhaḥ + api.

FAQs

It prescribes posture and orientation: sit during purification facing east or north, on a seat free from grease/fat, with the head or throat covered, or with loosened hair (even without a topknot).

In Dharma/Ācāra literature, east and north are conventionally treated as auspicious orientations for many rites, aligning the practitioner with a ritually favorable direction while performing śauca.

The verse reinforces disciplined attentiveness to purity and decorum—small bodily and environmental details are presented as supports for inner order and respect toward sacred practice.