Shloka 4

Brahmin Right Conduct: Morning Remembrance, Bathing, Purification, and Tarpaṇa Method

Devanagari script

सरस्वतीं महालक्ष्मीं सावित्रीं वेदमातरम् । ब्रह्माणं भास्करं चन्द्रं दिक्पालांश्च ग्रहांस्तथा

Transliteration

sarasvatīṃ mahālakṣmīṃ sāvitrīṃ vedamātaram | brahmāṇaṃ bhāskaraṃ candraṃ dikpālāṃśca grahāṃstathā

Translation

(Hendaklah memuja/mengingati) Sarasvati, Mahalakshmi dan Savitri—Ibu segala Veda—serta Brahma, Bhaskara (Matahari), Candra (Bulan), para penjaga arah, dan juga planet-planet.

Word by Word

• सरस्वतीम्: Sarasvatī
• सरस्वतीम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• महालक्ष्मीम्: Mahālakṣmī
• महालक्ष्मीम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + लक्ष्मी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (महती लक्ष्मीः)

• सावित्रीम्: Sāvitrī
• सावित्रीम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सावित्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• वेदमातरम्: mother of the Vedas
• वेदमातरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेद (प्रातिपदिक) + मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (वेदस्य माता)

• ब्रह्माणम्: Brahmā
• ब्रह्माणम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• भास्करम्: the Sun (Bhāskara)
• भास्करम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भास्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• चन्द्रम्: the Moon
• चन्द्रम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• दिक्पालान्: guardians of the directions
• दिक्पालान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिक् (प्रातिपदिक) + पाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (दिशां पालाः)

• च: and
• च: Avyaya (Conjunction/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक निपात (conjunction)

• ग्रहान्: planets
• ग्रहान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• तथा: and also/likewise
• तथा: Avyaya (Conjunctive adverb/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक

Speaker

Unspecified (context-dependent narrator/instructor in Sṛṣṭikhaṇḍa 49)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: दिक्पालांश्च = दिक्पालान् + च (न् + च → ंश्च); list continues as objects of implied स्मरेत्.

Characters & Entities

• Sarasvatī
• Mahālakṣmī
• Sāvitrī
• Veda-mātṛ (Mother of the Vedas)
• Brahmā
• Bhāskara (Sun)
• Candra (Moon)
• Dikpālas
• Grahās (planets)

FAQs

Why are Sarasvatī, Mahālakṣmī, and Sāvitrī grouped together in this verse?

They represent foundational divine powers: knowledge (Sarasvatī), prosperity and auspiciousness (Mahālakṣmī), and sacred inspiration/solar wisdom linked with Vedic revelation (Sāvitrī as Vedamātā). Together they frame a complete spiritual and worldly order.

What is the significance of mentioning the Dikpālas and Grahas along with the Sun and Moon?

It presents a cosmological completeness: the directions (Dikpālas) and celestial forces (Sun, Moon, Grahas) symbolize the ordered universe. The verse implies reverence for the divine governance of space and time.

What ethical or devotional lesson does this verse convey?

It encourages a balanced reverence—honoring knowledge, prosperity, sacred wisdom, and cosmic order—suggesting that dharmic life aligns personal conduct with the wider divine structure of the universe.