Shloka 121

Brahmin Right Conduct: Morning Remembrance, Bathing, Purification, and Tarpaṇa Method

Devanagari script

समानस्तु समस्ताभिरुदानस्तर्जनीं विना । नागः कूर्मश्च कृकरो देवदत्तो धनंजयः

Transliteration

samānastu samastābhirudānastarjanīṃ vinā | nāgaḥ kūrmaśca kṛkaro devadatto dhanaṃjayaḥ

Translation

Samāna hadir pada semua (jari); manakala udāna ada pada semuanya kecuali jari telunjuk. (Upa-prāṇa ialah:) Nāga, Kūrma, Kṛkara, Devadatta dan Dhanañjaya.

Word by Word

samānaḥSamāna (vital air)

tubut/indeed

samastābhiḥwith all (of them)

udānaḥUdāna (vital air)

tarjanīmthe index finger

vināwithout

nāgaḥNāga (subsidiary vital air)

kūrmaḥKūrma (subsidiary vital air)

caand

kṛkaraḥKṛkara (subsidiary vital air)

devadattaḥDevadatta (subsidiary vital air)

dhanaṃjayaḥDhanaṃjaya (subsidiary vital air)

Speaker

Unspecified (narratorial/teaching voice within Sṛṣṭikhaṇḍa context)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: samānastu → samānaḥ tu; samastābhirudānaḥ → samastābhiḥ udānaḥ; udānastarjanīṃ → udānaḥ tarjanīm; kūrmaśca → kūrmaḥ ca; devadatto → devadattaḥ.

Characters & Entities

Samāna

Udāna

Nāga

Kūrma

Kṛkara

Devadatta

Dhanañjaya

FAQs

What is the main teaching of this verse?

It enumerates specific vital airs (prāṇa-vāyus), stating where Samāna and Udāna are situated, and listing five subsidiary airs: Nāga, Kūrma, Kṛkara, Devadatta, and Dhanañjaya.

Who are Nāga, Kūrma, Kṛkara, Devadatta, and Dhanañjaya?

They are traditionally known as upa-prāṇas (secondary vital winds) described in yogic and āyurvedic sources, functioning alongside the primary prāṇas to govern bodily and physiological processes.

Why does the verse mention the index finger specifically?

It gives a traditional localization rule: Udāna is said to be present in all (fingers/locations) except the index finger, marking a subtle-body mapping used in certain prāṇa teachings.