Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 135

Kroṣṭu–Yādava Lineages, the Syamantaka Jewel, Krishna’s Birth Context, and the Māyāmoha Account

अथ देवो महादेवः पूर्वं कृष्णः प्रजापतिः । विहारार्थं स देवोसौ मानुषेष्वप्यजायत

atha devo mahādevaḥ pūrvaṃ kṛṣṇaḥ prajāpatiḥ | vihārārthaṃ sa devosau mānuṣeṣvapyajāyata

Kemudian dewa itu—Mahādeva—yang dahulu ialah Kṛṣṇa, Prajāpati, tuan segala makhluk, turut lahir dalam kalangan manusia demi lila Ilahi, untuk permainan dan rekreasi suci.

अथthen
अथ:
Discourse marker (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअनन्तरार्थक-अव्यय (then/now)
देवःthe god
देवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
महादेवःMahādeva (Great God)
महादेवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा + देव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (महान् देवः)
पूर्वम्formerly
पूर्वम्:
Adverbial (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाववत्)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: formerly/previously)
कृष्णःKṛṣṇa
कृष्णः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
प्रजापतिःlord of creatures (Prajāpati)
प्रजापतिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (prajānām patiḥ)
विहारार्थम्for play/sport
विहारार्थम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootविहार + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; चतुर्थी/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषार्थे (purpose: ‘for sport’)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
देवःthe god
देवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
असौthat (very one)
असौ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअसद्/इदम्-प्रकार (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक: असौ)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; निर्देशवाचक सर्वनाम (demonstrative)
मानुषेषुamong humans
मानुषेषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootमानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), बहुवचन
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha/Addition (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (also/even)
अजायतwas born
अजायत:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Narrator (contextual; specific dialogue speaker not provided in the excerpt)

Concept: The divine can manifest among humans by līlā—out of free, playful sovereignty—while remaining transcendent.

Application: Interpret life’s sacred moments as invitations to remembrance; cultivate reverence without reducing the divine to mere human limitation.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shringara

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A layered cosmological scene: above, a vast divine form in a starry ether; below, the same deity stepping into a human village as if donning a gentle human guise. The composition visually suggests ‘formerly cosmic, now among humans’—a descent motivated by līlā, not compulsion.","primary_figures":["Mahādeva (as referenced)","Kṛṣṇa (as the former cosmic identity in the verse’s phrasing)","celestial attendants","human villagers (silhouetted)"],"setting":"split-scene: celestial expanse transitioning into an earthly settlement","lighting_mood":"divine radiance","color_palette":["cosmic violet","ash white","sapphire blue","silver","warm earth brown"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: two-tier composition with a radiant cosmic deity above (gold leaf aura, ornate crown), and a lower panel showing the deity entering a human realm, richly patterned textiles, gold leaf clouds bridging realms, traditional iconographic symmetry and jewel tones.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: lyrical transition from sky to earth, delicate clouds, the deity walking into a village path, subtle expressions of wonder on human faces, cool blues and soft browns, refined linework and gentle gradients.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines, stylized celestial band above and earthly band below, deity rendered with iconic eyes and ornaments, strong red/yellow/green palette with ash-white accents for Mahādeva, decorative borders emphasizing cosmic-to-human movement.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: symbolic līlā descent framed by lotus borders, central medallion of the deity, surrounding narrative panels showing entry into human world, deep blue background with gold motifs, intricate floral vines and peacock accents."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"narrative","suggested_raga":"Yaman","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["tanpura drone","soft conch swell","wind-like ambience","distant damaru (subtle)"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: देवोसौ = देवः असौ; मानुषेष्वप्यजायत = मानुषेषु अपि अजायत

M
Mahādeva (Śiva)
K
Kṛṣṇa
P
Prajāpati

FAQs

Yes. It states that Mahādeva, identified here with a prior form as Kṛṣṇa/Prajāpati, “was born even among humans,” framed as a divine manifestation undertaken for vihāra (divine play).

“Vihārārtham” presents the manifestation as līlā-like divine sport rather than compulsion by karma—highlighting voluntary, purposeful descent into the human realm.

It encourages reverence for the divine presence within human history and experience, suggesting that the sacred can manifest in accessible forms, inviting devotion and discernment in worldly life.