Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 42

Protection of Brāhmaṇas

संसारे जन्मसंप्राप्य न लब्धं सुखमत्र च । अनेन बालकेनापि मरिष्यति कथं त्वयम्

saṃsāre janmasaṃprāpya na labdhaṃ sukhamatra ca | anena bālakenāpi mariṣyati kathaṃ tvayam

Setelah lahir dalam samsara, di sini tiada kebahagiaan sejati. Bahkan anak kecil ini pun akan mati—maka bagaimana engkau akan terlepas daripada maut?

संसारेin the world / in saṃsāra
संसारे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootसंसार (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
जन्म-सम्प्राप्यhaving attained birth
जन्म-सम्प्राप्य:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्+प्राप् (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त); जन्म (प्रातिपदिक) + सम्प्राप्य (कृदन्त)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्/त्वान्त-समकक्ष), indeclinable; compound: जन्मं सम्प्राप्य = having attained birth
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
लब्धम्obtained / found
लब्धम्:
Karma (कर्म) / Predicate complement
TypeVerb
Rootलभ् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/भूतकर्मणि), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन); used predicatively with implied 'अस्ति'
सुखम्happiness
सुखम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular (एकवचन)
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (देशवाचक-अव्यय)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
अनेनby/with this
अनेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
बालकेनby/with the boy
बालकेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootबालक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
अपिeven / also
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात-अव्यय), concessive/emphatic
मरिष्यतिwill die
मरिष्यति:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootमृ (धातु)
FormSimple future (लृट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
कथम्how?
कथम्:
Prashna (प्रश्न/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
FormInterrogative adverb (प्रश्न-अव्यय)
त्वयम्you
त्वयम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); Vedic/archaic nominative form for 'त्वम्'

Unspecified (context-dependent admonisher within the narrative)

Concept: Worldly life is pervaded by impermanence; death spares none—recognize this and turn toward lasting spiritual refuge.

Application: Use awareness of mortality to reduce attachment, reconcile conflicts, and invest daily time in japa, worship, and ethical living.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A stern yet compassionate admonisher addresses a worried figure, pointing gently toward a small child nearby—an embodied reminder that even innocence is not exempt from time. In the background, a fading lotus and a setting sun symbolize the world’s fleeting pleasures, while a distant temple silhouette hints at the enduring refuge.","primary_figures":["an admonishing elder/sage","a troubled householder","a small child"],"setting":"edge of a village path near a banyan tree; distant temple spire; a lotus pond with a few petals drifting","lighting_mood":"golden dusk","color_palette":["dusky gold","banyan green","ash gray","lotus mauve","indigo shadow"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: elder-sage with gold halo instructs a householder; a child stands near a lotus pond with drifting petals; gold leaf sun at dusk, rich maroon and green textiles, ornate temple silhouette in the distance, embossed borders and jewel-like highlights on the sage’s staff and ornaments.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: lyrical dusk landscape with banyan tree and lotus pond; delicate facial expressions showing sober realization; soft gradients in sky, refined garments, minimal architecture of a distant shrine; gentle gesture emphasizing impermanence.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines; stylized setting sun and lotus pond; elder’s large eyes convey calm truth; red/yellow/green palette with indigo shadows; decorative vine borders framing the moral instruction scene.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: symbolic composition—lotus petals falling as a border motif; central figures in conversation; include subtle Viṣṇu symbols (śaṅkha-cakra) on a hanging banner near the distant shrine; deep blue cloth ground with gold and pink floral filigree."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"meditative","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"serene","sound_elements":["evening birds","soft wind","distant temple bell","long pauses","low tanpura drone"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: जन्मसंप्राप्य = जन्म-सम्प्राप्य; बालकेनापि = बालकेन अपि.

FAQs

It stresses the unsatisfactory nature of worldly existence: even after taking birth, lasting happiness is not found, because everything ends in death.

The child is used as a stark example of impermanence—death spares no age—intensifying the call to reflect on life’s fragility.

Recognize mortality and avoid complacency; cultivate detachment (vairāgya) and prioritize enduring spiritual aims over temporary pleasures.