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Shloka 27

Protection of Brāhmaṇas

पुत्राणां ज्येष्ठपुत्रं मे हित्वान्यं पुत्रमुत्तमम् । नयतेति वचो वक्तुं वक्त्रेनायाति हे जनाः

putrāṇāṃ jyeṣṭhaputraṃ me hitvānyaṃ putramuttamam | nayateti vaco vaktuṃ vaktrenāyāti he janāḥ

“Meninggalkan anak sulungku, dia membawa pergi anak yang lain—seorang anak yang utama.” Wahai sekalian manusia, kata-kata begini datang ke bibirku untuk diucapkan.

पुत्राणाम्of (the) sons
पुत्राणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (Plural)
ज्येष्ठ-पुत्रम्the eldest son
ज्येष्ठ-पुत्रम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) + पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
मेmy
मे:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (Pronoun), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular); enclitic
हित्वाhaving abandoned
हित्वा:
पूर्वकाल (Absolutive; prior action)
TypeVerb
Rootहा (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘having abandoned’
अन्यम्another
अन्यम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier of ‘पुत्रम्’)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
उत्तमम्best/excellent
उत्तमम्:
विशेषण (Qualifier of ‘पुत्रम्’)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
नयतेhe leads/takes
नयते:
क्रिया (Verb; action)
TypeVerb
Rootनी (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
इतिthus/“...”
इति:
सम्बन्ध (Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-चिह्नक-अव्यय (Quotative particle)
वचःword(s)/statement
वचः:
कर्म (Karma/Object of ‘वक्तुम्’)
TypeNoun
Rootवचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st) (or द्वितीया in form-identical), एकवचन (Singular)
वक्तुम्to say
वक्तुम्:
प्रयोजन (Purpose/Infinitive complement)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) + तुमुन्
Formतुमुनन्त (Infinitive), ‘to speak/say’
वक्त्रेणwith (his) mouth
वक्त्रेण:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootवक्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
आयातिcomes/approaches
आयाति:
क्रिया (Verb; action)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) + आ (उपसर्ग)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
हेO!
हे:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहे (अव्यय)
Formसम्बोधन-निपात (Vocative particle)
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
सम्बोधन (Addressed persons)
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses).

Concept: Partiality among children and the disruption of familial duty becomes a social and moral scandal; speech itself becomes a vehicle of dharma-appeal to the community.

Application: Avoid favoritism; resolve family conflicts privately and ethically; use speech responsibly—appeal to community only to prevent injustice, not to inflame.

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A distressed speaker turns toward a gathered crowd, words spilling out as if forced by grief: the accusation of abandoning the eldest son hangs in the air like smoke. Faces in the crowd show shock and discomfort, capturing the social ugliness of family injustice becoming public spectacle.","primary_figures":["distressed father/householder (speaker)","villagers/crowd (janāḥ)","implied sons (eldest and younger)"],"setting":"A village lane or small assembly space near the house—neighbors clustered, a banyan tree or simple pavilion suggesting communal judgment.","lighting_mood":"overcast twilight","color_palette":["smoky violet","mud brown","faded white","dull crimson","shadow blue"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: central figure gesturing toward the crowd, mouth open mid-utterance; surrounding villagers in layered semicircle; gold leaf used sparingly on borders and ornaments to contrast with the moral dimness; rich textile patterns and stylized architecture.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: a village gathering under a tree, delicate expressions of discomfort and pity; cool palette with refined faces; narrative emphasis on gesture and gaze lines connecting speaker to crowd.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines, rhythmic crowd composition; speaker’s gesture exaggerated; warm pigments with dark contouring to convey social tension; mural-panel storytelling clarity.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: crowd scene framed by floral borders; lotus motifs subdued; deep blue ground with muted gold; peacocks at the edge looking inward, emphasizing witnessed dharma-breach."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"narrative","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"emotional","sound_elements":["crowd murmur","dry wind","distant drum-like heartbeat cadence","brief gasp-like pauses"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: पुत्रमुत्तमम् = पुत्रम् + उत्तमम्; नयतेति = नयते + इति; वक्त्रेनायाति = वक्त्रेण + आयाति; हित्वान्यं = हित्वा + अन्यम्

FAQs

It expresses grief and protest: the speaker feels wronged that the eldest son is being set aside, and the complaint involuntarily rises to the speaker’s lips.

It implies an injustice or breach of expected duty—passing over the eldest son and favoring another—raising questions of fairness, succession, and rightful conduct.

The excerpt alone does not identify the speaker. In the Padma Purana, speakers are often established in the surrounding narrative (e.g., a dialogue frame). Providing the preceding and following verses would allow accurate attribution.