Shloka 43

Tithi-vicara

Determination of Tithi for Fasts, Parana, and Pitri Rites

Devanagari script

स्त्रीजेतेषु च यद्दत्तं यद्दत्तं जलवर्जितम् । पुनः कीर्तनसंयुक्तं तद्दत्तमसुरेषु वै ॥ ४३ ॥

Transliteration

strījeteṣu ca yaddattaṃ yaddattaṃ jalavarjitam | punaḥ kīrtanasaṃyuktaṃ taddattamasureṣu vai || 43 ||

Translation

Apa pun yang didermakan dalam pergaulan dengan wanita (dalam keadaan lalai kerana nafsu), dan apa pun yang didermakan tanpa persembahan air menurut adat—walaupun kemudian disertai lagi dengan kīrtana dan pujian—sesungguhnya dianggap sebagai derma kepada para Asura.

Word by Word

• strī-jiteṣu: among/to those dominated by women
• strī-jiteṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) / Recipient-locus
• Type: Noun
• Root: strī (प्रातिपदिक) + jita (√ji + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (‘स्त्रिया जिताः’ = those conquered by women)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• yat-dattam: whatever is given
• yat-dattam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक) + datta (√dā + क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• yat-dattam: whatever is given
• yat-dattam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक) + datta (√dā + क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति

• jala-varjitam: without water
• jala-varjitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jala (प्रातिपदिक) + varjita (√vṛj/√varj + क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (‘जलेन वर्जितम्’ = devoid of water)

• punaḥ: again, further
• punaḥ: Kāla/Prakāra-adhikaraṇa (काल/प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरावृत्तिवाचक क्रियाविशेषण

• kīrtana-saṃyuktam: accompanied by chanting
• kīrtana-saṃyuktam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kīrtana (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃyukta (sam+√yuj + क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (‘कीर्तनena संयुक्तम्’ = accompanied by chanting)

• tat-dattam: that gift
• tat-dattam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक) + datta (√dā + क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• asureṣu: among/to the Asuras
• asureṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) / Recipient-locus
• Type: Noun
• Root: asura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चयार्थक निपात (emphatic particle)

Speaker

Narada

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches that charity (dāna) is judged not only by amount but by purity of mind and proper vidhi: gifts made in a distracted, sensual state or without the sanctifying water-offering are said to yield an “asuric” (tamasic) result.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

It implies that kīrtana alone is not meant to be a cover for careless conduct; devotion becomes complete when praise of the Divine is joined with disciplined dharma—right intention, right setting, and right procedure.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Ritual procedure (kalpa/ācāra): the verse points to the dāna-vidhi where udaka (water) is used to formalize and purify the act of giving, indicating that correct rite and mental purity determine the fruit.