Adhyaya 80
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Adhyaya 80: Vaivasvata Manvantara: Enumeration of Manus and the Eighth Manu Sāvarṇi

वैवस्वतकिर्तनम् (Vaivasvata-kīrtanam)

Raktabija

Adhyaya ini memuliakan Vaivasvata Manvantara dengan menyenaraikan susur galur semua Manu, serta menghuraikan Manu kelapan, Sāvarṇi, tentang keturunan, pemerintahan, dan kebajikannya dalam memelihara Dharma menurut tatanan suci zaman-zaman.

Divine Beings

Manu Sāvarṇi (8th Manu)Chāyā-Saṃjñā (mother of Sāvarṇi)Deva-gaṇa: Sutapās (20-member group)Deva-gaṇa: Amitābhās (20-member group)Deva-gaṇa: Mukhyas (20-member group)Indra (office), future Indra: Bali VairocaniMārīciKaśyapa Prajāpati

Celestial Realms

Kalpa (cosmic aeon framework)Manvantara (administrative age of Manu)Pātāla (nether realm; Bali’s present abode)

Key Content Points

Manvantara inquiry: Krauṣṭuki requests the identities of future Manus in this kalpa and the associated devas, kings, and sages between them.Eighth Manu defined: Mārkaṇḍeya names Sāvarṇi (son of Chāyā-Saṃjñā) as the eighth Manu, described as equal to the earlier Manu in rank.Saptarṣi roster: The chapter lists the seven seers for Sāvarṇi’s Manvantara (Rāma, Vyāsa, Gālava, Dīptimān, Kṛpa, Ṛṣyaśṛṅga, Droṇa).Deva-gaṇa taxonomy: Three principal divine groups are enumerated—Sutapās, Amitābhās, and Mukhyas—each with a twentyfold membership (viṃśaka), with sample names supplied.Genealogical grounding: The Manvantara-devas are identified as sons of Mārīci, belonging to the lineage of Kaśyapa Prajāpati.Future Indra: Bali Vairocani is specified as the Indra of Sāvarṇi’s Manvantara, with Bali described as presently bound by a covenant in Pātāla.

Focus Keywords

Markandeya Purana Adhyaya 80Vaivasvata-kirtanamSavarni Manu eighth ManuManvantara chronology Markandeya PuranaBali Vairocani future IndraSaptarishi list Savarni ManvantaraSutapas Amitabhas Mukhyas devas

Shlokas in Adhyaya 80

Verse 1

इति श्रीमार्कण्डेयपुराणे सावर्णिके मन्वन्तरे वैवस्वतकिर्तनं नामैकोनाशीतितमोऽध्यायः । अशीतितमोऽध्यायः— ८० । क्रौष्टुकिरुवाच स्वायम्भुवाद्याः कथिताः सप्‍तैते मनवो मम । तदन्तरेषु ये देवा राजानो मुनयस्तथा ॥

Demikianlah, dalam Śrī Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa, pada Sāvarṇika Manvantara, bab ketujuh puluh sembilan yang bernama ‘Pujian/Kisah Vaivasvata’ berakhir. Bab 80 bermula. Krauṣṭuki berkata: “Tujuh Manu bermula dengan Svāyambhuva telah diceritakan kepadaku; maka dalam sela-sela mereka, dewa-dewa, raja-raja dan para resi manakah yang muncul?”

Verse 2

अस्मिन् कल्पे सप्‍त येऽन्ये भविष्यन्ति महामुने । मनवस्तान् समाचक्ष्व ये च देवादयश्च ये ॥

Dalam kalpa ini, wahai maha resi, tujuh Manu yang lain yang akan datang—ceritakanlah kepadaku tentang mereka, serta tentang para dewa dan yang lain-lain yang berkaitan dengan mereka.

Verse 3

मार्कण्डेय उवाच कथितस्तव सावर्णिश्छायासंज्ञासुतश्च यः । पूर्वजस्य मनोस्तुल्यः स मनुर्भविताष्टमः ॥

Mārkaṇḍeya berkata: “Sāvarṇi—putera Chāyā dan Saṃjñā—telah pun dihuraikan kepadamu. Setara dengan Manu yang terdahulu, dialah Manu yang kelapan.”

Verse 4

रामो व्यासो गालवश्च दीप्तिमान्कृप एव च । ऋष्यशृङ्गस्तथा द्रोणस्तत्र सप्तर्षयोऽभवन् ॥

Di sana terdapat Tujuh Resi: Rāma, Vyāsa, Gālava, Dīptimān, Kṛpa, Ṛṣyaśṛṅga, dan Droṇa.

Verse 5

सुतपाश्चामिताभाश्च मुख्याश्चैव त्रिधा सुराः । विंशकः कथिताश्चैषां त्रयाणां त्रिगुणो गणः ॥

Para dewa adalah tiga golongan: Sutapās, Amitābhās, dan Mukhyas. Setiap golongan dinyatakan sebagai satu kumpulan dua puluh; maka jumlah keseluruhannya bagi tiga golongan ialah tiga kali dua puluh.

Verse 6

तपस्तप्तश्च शक्रश्च द्युतिर्ज्योतिः प्रभाकरः । प्रभासो दयितो धर्मस्तेजोरश्मिश्चिरक्रतुः ॥

Tapastapta, Śakra, Dyuti, Jyotis, Prabhākara, Prabhāsa, Dayita, Dharma, Tejorāśmi, dan Cirakratu—(mereka ini termasuk dalam kumpulan tersebut).

Verse 7

इत्यादिकस्तु सुतपा देवानां विंशको गणः । प्रभुर्विभुर्विभासाद्यस्तथान्यो विंशको गणः ॥

Nama-nama yang bermula dengan ini membentuk golongan Sutapā yang terdiri daripada dua puluh dewa. Demikian juga, satu lagi golongan dua puluh bermula dengan Prabhu, Vibhu, dan Vibhāsa.

Verse 8

सुराणाममिताभानां तृतीयमपि मे शृणु । दमो दान्तो ऋतः सोमो वित्ताद्याश्चैव विंशतिः ॥

Dengarlah daripadaku juga golongan ketiga para dewa—Amitābhās: Dama, Dānta, Ṛta, Soma, Vitta, dan yang lain-lain—genap menjadi dua puluh.

Verse 9

मुख्या ह्येते समाख्याता देवा मन्वन्तराधिपाः । मारीचस्यैव ते पुत्राः कश्यपस्य प्रजापतेः ॥

Mereka ini disebut Mukhyas—para dewa yang memerintah suatu Manvantara. Sesungguhnya mereka ialah putera-putera Marīci, (yang lahir) daripada Kaśyapa, Prajāpati.

Verse 10

भविष्याश्च भविष्यन्ति सावर्णस्यान्तरे मनोः । तेषामिन्द्रो भविष्यस्तु बलिर्वैरोचनिर्मुने ॥

Pada masa hadapan, dalam Manvantara Sāvarṇi Manu, mereka akan demikian juga. Dan Indra mereka ialah Bali, putera Virocana, wahai resi.

Verse 11

पाताल आस्ते योऽद्यापि दैत्यः समयबन्धनः । विरजाश्चार्ववीरश्च निर्मोहः सत्यवाक्कृतिः । विष्ण्वाद्याश्चैव तनयाः सावर्णस्य मनोर्नृपाः ॥

Daitya itu (Bali) masih tinggal di Pātāla, terikat oleh suatu perjanjian. Viraja, Cārvavīra, Nirmoha, Satyavāk, Kṛti, dan yang lain bermula dengan Viṣṇu ialah putera-putera—raja-raja—Sāvarṇi Manu.

Frequently Asked Questions

The chapter’s inquiry is classificatory and cosmological: it seeks a logically ordered account of Manvantara administration—who governs (Manu), who supports cosmic order (deva-gaṇas), and who preserves revelation and dharma (saptarṣis)—rather than a moral dilemma or narrative conflict.

It bridges from the already-described first seven Manus to the future sequence by explicitly naming the eighth Manu as Sāvarṇi, listing his saptarṣis, specifying his Indra (Bali Vairocani), and anchoring the relevant devas in a Kaśyapa–Mārīci genealogy, thereby strengthening the Purana’s Manvantara timeline.

The chapter emphasizes (1) Sāvarṇi’s descent as the son of Chāyā-Saṃjñā, (2) the deva groups’ descent as sons of Mārīci within Kaśyapa Prajāpati’s lineage, and (3) the assignment of the Indra-office to Bali Vairocani, described as presently residing in Pātāla under a binding covenant.