Shloka 68

Adhyaya 75 — The Fall and Restoration of Revatī Nakṣatra and the Birth of Raivata Manu

Sanskrit

मार्कण्डेय उवाच तामादाय ततो भूपः स्वमेव नगरं ययौ ।

तस्मादजायत सुतो रेवत्याः रैवतो मनुः ॥

Transliteration

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca tām ādāya tato bhūpaḥ svam eva nagaraṃ yayau | tasmād ajāyata suto revatyāḥ raivato manuḥ ||

Translation

Mārkaṇḍeya berkata: “Kemudian raja membawa dia pulang ke kotanya sendiri. Daripadanya (Revatī) lahirlah seorang putera—Raivata Manu.”

Word by Word

• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Markandeya
• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• tām: her/that (woman)
• tām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• ādāya: having taken
• ādāya: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā√dā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive), ‘having taken’

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: देश/कालवाचक-अव्यय (ablatival adverb: then/from there)

• bhūpaḥ: the king
• bhūpaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

• svam: his own
• svam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (nagaram)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha/Emphasis (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)

• nagaram: city
• nagaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nagara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन

• yayau: went
• yayau: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √yā (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• tasmāt: from that (union)
• tasmāt: Apādāna/Source (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• ajāyata: was born
• ajāyata: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √jan (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• sutaḥ: a son
• sutaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: suta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

• revatyāḥ: of Revatī
• revatyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: revatī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन

• raivataḥ: Raivata (named)
• raivataḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: raivata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (manuḥ)

• manuḥ: Manu
• manuḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya narrating

Key Themes

• Genealogy of Manus
• Marriage leading to dharmic progeny
• Purāṇic historiography (itihāsa-style linkage of cosmic and human events)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The text portrays social institutions (marriage, kingship) as vehicles for cosmic continuity when aligned with dharma and sanctified by tapas.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Manvantara and Vaṃśānucarita: the verse explicitly records the birth of a Manu, a key marker in Purāṇic time-structure and dynastic narration.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘return to one’s city’ and subsequent birth can symbolize reintegration: after aligning cosmic timing (Revati), life returns to ordered society, yielding the ‘law-giving’ principle (Manu) as fruit.