Shloka 11

Adhyaya 75 — Slaying of Mahishasura

Sanskrit

अनिर्वृतं तथा मन्दं परलोकपराङ्मुखम् ।

नरकाय न सद्गत्यै कुपुत्रालम्बि जन्मनः ॥

Transliteration

anirvṛtaṃ tathā mandaṃ paralokaparāṅmukham /

narakāya na sadgatyai kuputrālambi janmanaḥ

Translation

Kelahiran seperti itu tiada sukacita dan suram, berpaling daripada alam kemudian; ia membawa ke neraka, bukan ke takdir yang baik—kerana bergantung pada beban anak yang jahat.

Word by Word

• अनिर्वृतम्: unsatisfied; unfulfilled
• अनिर्वृतम्: कर्म (Karma/object—described state)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ-निर्वृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); विशेषण (adjective) qualifying जन्मनः (implied ‘life/birth’)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: ‘thus/likewise’)

• मन्दम्: dull; weak
• मन्दम्: कर्म (Karma/object—described state)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); विशेषण

• परलोकपराङ्मुखम्: turned away from the next world
• परलोकपराङ्मुखम्: कर्म (Karma/object—described state)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परलोक-पराङ्मुख (प्रातिपदिक; components: परलोक + पराङ्मुख)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); विशेषण

• नरकाय: for hell
• नरकाय: सम्प्रदान (Dative/result)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (particle of negation)

• सद्गत्यै: for a good destiny
• सद्गत्यै: सम्प्रदान (Dative/result)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सद्गति (प्रातिपदिक; components: सत् + गति)
• Form: चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन (Singular), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine)

• कुपुत्रालम्बि: dependent on a bad son; clinging to a wicked son
• कुपुत्रालम्बि: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कु-पुत्र-आलम्बिन् (प्रातिपदिक; components: कु + पुत्र + आलम्बिन्)
• Form: प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.) एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); विशेषण; here used predicatively with जन्मनः (‘birth/life’)

• जन्मनः: of birth/life
• जन्मनः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)

Speakers

• Narrative didactic voice within the dialogue context (speaker not explicit in this verse)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Karma
• Afterlife (naraka/sadgati)
• Family ethics

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

A life entangled in adharmic progeny becomes spiritually inverted—neglecting paraloka (duty, rites, virtue) and ripening into naraka rather than sadgati.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ethical/eschatological instruction; not a sarga/manvantara/genealogical passage.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Paralokaparāṅmukha’ indicates consciousness turned outward and downward (tamas), where familial attachment becomes bondage rather than a vehicle of dharma.