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Shloka 40

Adhyaya 74 — Battle with Mahishasura

Sanskrit

तस्मिन् जाते मृगीत्वात् त्वं विमुक्ता पतिनार्चिता ।

लोकानवाप्स्यसि प्राप्या ये न दुष्कृतकर्मभिः ॥

Transliteration

tasmin jāte mṛgītvāt tvaṃ vimuktā patinārcitā / lokān avāpsyasi prāpyā ye na duṣkṛta-karmabhiḥ

Translation

Apabila dia dilahirkan, engkau akan dibebaskan daripada keadaan sebagai rusa betina; dihormati oleh suamimu, engkau akan mencapai alam-alam yang dicapai oleh mereka yang tidak ternoda oleh perbuatan jahat.

Word by Word
तस्मिन्in that (time/state)
तस्मिन्:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun), नपुंसकलिङ्गे/पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular)
जातेwhen (it is) born/when occurred
जाते:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa)
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (धातु) + जात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (agreeing with तस्मिन्)
मृगीत्वात्because of doe-hood (being a doe)
मृगीत्वात्:
अपादान (Apādāna/Ablative-cause)
TypeNoun
Rootमृगीत्व (प्रातिपदिक; भाव/अवस्था-नाम)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; कारणार्थे (cause)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, उत्तमपुरुषार्थे (2nd person pronoun), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन
विमुक्ताfreed, released
विमुक्ता:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + √मुच् (धातु) + विमुक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोगे (as predicate adjective)
पतिनाby (your) husband
पतिना:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
अर्चिताhonoured, worshipped
अर्चिता:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√अर्च् (धातु) + अर्चित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मणि (passive sense)
लोकान्worlds
लोकान्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)
अवाप्स्यसिyou will attain
अवाप्स्यसि:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअव + √आप् (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple Future), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
प्राप्याto be attained (by you)
प्राप्या:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Kartṛ-viśeṣaṇa)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + √आप् (धातु) + प्राप्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभाव्य/अनर्हकृदन्त (gerundive/तव्यत्-artha), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (predicate necessity/fitness)
येwhich (worlds)
ये:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सम्बन्धे (relative pronoun)
नnot
न:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negative particle)
दुष्कृतकर्मभिःby evil deeds
दुष्कृतकर्मभिः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्कृत + कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिके; समास)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (determinative: 'evil-deed'), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), बहुवचन; हेतु/साधनार्थे
Speakers
Narrative voice within the episode (a female in doe-form speaking/being spoken of; exact speaker not explicit in this verse alone)
Key Themes
Karma and its fruitsRelease from curseMerit and attainment of higher worldsGenealogical prophecy

FAQs

The verse links moral causality to destiny: liberation from a degraded birth (tiryak-yonī) and attainment of higher realms are portrayed as consequences aligned with purity of action and the completion of a destined birth.

Primarily Manvantara (dynastic/Manu-related narration) and, secondarily, Vamśa/Vamśānucarita (lineage and royal story motifs) as it anticipates a future Manu and his circumstances of birth.

The animal-birth symbolizes obscuration and constraint; the promised release upon the child’s birth suggests that karmic knots can be resolved through the maturation of destined events, not merely by immediate repentance.

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