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Shloka 3

Adhyaya 72The Reconciliation Rite, Sarasvati Sacrifice, and the Birth of Uttama Manu (Auttama Manvantara Prelude)

राजोवाच कृतार्थस्त्वं द्विजश्रेष्ठ ! निजधर्मानुपालनात् ।

वयं सङ्कटिनो विप्र ! येषां पत्नी न वेष्मनि ॥

rājovāca kṛtārthas tvaṃ dvijaśreṣṭha! nijadharmānupālanāt | vayaṃ saṅkaṭino vipra! yeṣāṃ patnī na veśmani ||

Raja berkata: “Wahai yang terbaik antara golongan dwijati, engkau telah sempurna dengan menunaikan dharma dan kewajipanmu sendiri. Tetapi kamilah yang berada dalam kesusahan, wahai brāhmaṇa—mereka yang isterinya tidak berada di rumah.”

rājāthe king
rājā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
kṛtārthaḥfulfilled / successful
kṛtārthaḥ:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛta + artha (प्रातिपदिक; कृत + अर्थ)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); विशेषण (adjective) of त्वम्
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
dvijaśreṣṭhaO best of the twice-born
dvijaśreṣṭha:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija + śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
nija-dharma-anupālanātbecause of (your) observance of one’s own duty
nija-dharma-anupālanāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootnija + dharma + anupālana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular (एकवचन); हेतौ पञ्चमी (ablative of cause)
vayamwe
vayam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)
saṅkaṭinaḥin distress / afflicted
saṅkaṭinaḥ:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṅkaṭin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); विशेषण of वयम्
vipraO brahmin
vipra:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
yeṣāmof whom
yeṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun (यद्-प्रत्यय), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural (बहुवचन)
patnīwife
patnī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpatnī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
veśmaniin the house
veśmani:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootveśman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)
King to Brāhmaṇa
Gṛhastha-dharmaValue of spouse in dharmic lifeRoyal humilitySocial order

FAQs

The verse underscores the Purāṇic view that household dharma is structurally incomplete without the spouse; the king’s ‘distress’ is not romantic sentiment alone but anxiety about dharmic and social stability.

Anucarita: moral psychology and social ethics illustrated through dialogue within a Manvantara account.

Home (veśman) symbolizes the inner seat of order; the ‘absent wife’ can indicate the absence of harmonizing śakti in one’s life, leading to inner and outer disorder.