Shloka 16

Adhyaya 58 — The Kurma-Form of Narayana: Mapping Bharata through Nakshatras, Regions, and Planetary Afflictions

Sanskrit

कलिङ्गवङ्गजठराः कोशलाः मूषिकास्तथा ।

चेदयश्चोर्ध्वकर्णाश्च मत्स्याद्या विन्ध्यवासिनः ॥

Transliteration

kaliṅgavaṅgajaṭharāḥ kośalā mūṣikās tathā / cedayaś cordhvakarṇāś ca matsyādyā vindhyavāsinaḥ

Translation

Kaliṅga, Vaṅga, Jaṭhara, Kośala, dan juga Mūṣika; Cedi, Urdhvakarna, serta Matsya dan yang lain-lain yang mendiami wilayah Vindhya.

Word by Word

• कलिङ्गवङ्गजठराः: the Kaliṅgas, Vaṅgas, and Jaṭharas
• कलिङ्गवङ्गजठराः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलिङ्गवङ्गजठर (प्रातिपदिक; कलिङ्ग + वङ्ग + जठर)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास (कलिङ्गाः वङ्गाः जठराः—समाहार/इतरेतर)

• कोशलाः: the Kośalas
• कोशलाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोशल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• मूषिकाः: the Mūṣikas
• मूषिकाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूषिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• तथा: also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/समुच्चयार्थ (also)

• चेदयः: the Cedis
• चेदयः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चेदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात

• ऊर्ध्वकर्णाः: those with upturned ears (Ūrdhvakarnas)
• ऊर्ध्वकर्णाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊर्ध्वकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक; ऊर्ध्व + कर्ण)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहि-समास (ऊर्ध्वाः कर्णाः येषां ते)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात

• मत्स्याद्याः: the Matsyas and others
• मत्स्याद्याः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मत्स्याद्य (प्रातिपदिक; मत्स्य + आदि)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (आदि-समासार्थ: ‘beginning with Matsya’)

• विन्ध्यवासिनः: dwellers in the Vindhya (Vindhya residents)
• विन्ध्यवासिनः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विन्ध्यवासिन् (प्रातिपदिक; विन्ध्य + वासिन्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष (विन्ध्ये वसन्ति)

Speakers

• Narrative voice within the Purāṇic exposition (speaker not specified in provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Geography
• Vindhya region
• Janapada lists
• Directional mapping

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

These catalogues preserve cultural memory: they acknowledge many polities/tribes within a single narrative universe, implicitly normalizing plurality under a shared cosmic order.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sthāna (description of the earth and its divisions).

What is the esoteric significance?

Mountains like Vindhya often mark liminal zones in Purāṇic imagination—thresholds between cultural spheres—so listing ‘Vindhya-dwellers’ encodes boundary cosmology.