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Shloka 34

Adhyaya 49Primordial Human Creation, the Rise of Desire, and the Origins of Settlements, Measures, and Agriculture

ततो द्वन्द्वान्य् अजायन्त शीतोष्णक्षुन्मुखानि वै ।

तास् तद्-द्वन्द्वोपघातार्थं चक्रुः पूर्वं पुराणि तु ॥

tato dvandvāny ajāyanta śītoṣṇa-kṣun-mukhāni vai | tās tad-dvandvopaghātārthaṃ cakruḥ pūrvaṃ purāṇi tu ||

Kemudian timbullah pasangan pertentangan—sejuk dan panas, lapar dan seumpamanya. Untuk menangkis penderitaan yang timbul daripada dualiti itu, mereka mula-mula membina kota dan penempatan berkubu.

ततःthen
ततः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (अव्यय)
द्वन्द्वानिpairs of opposites
द्वन्द्वानि:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वन्द्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)
अजायन्तarose / were born
अजायन्त:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
शीतोष्णक्षुन्मुखानिhaving cold, heat, and hunger as (chief) forms
शीतोष्णक्षुन्मुखानि:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootशीत + उष्ण + क्षुत् + मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvandva compound used adjectivally; Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) qualifying द्वन्द्वानि; components: शीत (cold) + उष्ण (heat) + क्षुत् (hunger) + मुख (headed/consisting of)
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय)
ताःthey (those women)
ताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग)
तत्that
तत्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग); deictic qualifier to द्वन्द्व
द्वन्द्वोपघातार्थम्for the destruction of those opposites
द्वन्द्वोपघातार्थम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वन्द्व + उपघात + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) used adverbially as purpose; तत्पुरुष: द्वन्द्वस्य उपघातः (destruction) तस्य अर्थः → 'for the destruction of the dvandvas'
चक्रुःthey made / they did
चक्रुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
पूर्वम्formerly / at first
पूर्वम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाववत्)
FormAdverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषण), 'formerly/at first'
पुराणिancient things / old (measures/arrangements)
पुराणि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपुराण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
FormAdversative particle (अव्यय)
Narrative voice within didactic exposition

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Dvandva (dualities)Human settlementAdaptation to sufferingCivilizational origins

FAQs

As inner greed grows, outer suffering manifests as dvandvas; civilization (towns/forts) is presented as a response to vulnerability rather than an original need.

Manvantara/yuga social history: describing how human institutions arise under changing worldly conditions.

Dvandvas symbolize the mind’s oscillations; building ‘puras’ mirrors the ego’s attempt to fortify itself against impermanence and discomfort.