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Shloka 15

Adhyaya 49Primordial Human Creation, the Rise of Desire, and the Origins of Settlements, Measures, and Agriculture

पर्वतोदधिसेविन्यो ह्यनिकेतास्तु सर्वशः ।

ता वै निष्कामचारिण्यो नित्यं मुदितमानसाः ॥

parvatodadhisevinyo hy aniketās tu sarvaśaḥ |

tā vai niṣkāmacāriṇyo nityaṃ muditamānasāḥ ||

Mereka berlindung pada gunung-ganang dan lautan, dan tidak mempunyai tempat tinggal tetap di mana-mana. Mereka mengembara tanpa keinginan, dengan hati yang sentiasa ceria.

parvata-udadhi-sevinyaḥfrequenting mountains and oceans
parvata-udadhi-sevinyaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootparvata (प्रातिपदिक) + udadhi (प्रातिपदिक) + sevinī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa compound ‘those who frequent mountains and oceans’
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (हेतौ/निश्चये), indeclinable (अव्यय)
aniketāḥhomeless, without a fixed abode
aniketāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootaniketa (प्रातिपदिक; a+niketa)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); adjective
tubut/and
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAdversative particle (तु), indeclinable (अव्यय)
sarvaśaḥin every way, entirely
sarvaśaḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsarvaśas (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (प्रकारवाचक), indeclinable (अव्यय)
tāḥthey
tāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक), indeclinable (अव्यय)
niṣkāma-cāriṇyaḥacting without desire
niṣkāma-cāriṇyaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootniṣkāma (प्रातिपदिक) + cāriṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa ‘moving without desire’
nityamalways
nityam:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण/time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषण-रूपेण), indeclinable usage (अव्ययवत्)
mudita-mānasāḥwith joyful minds
mudita-mānasāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmudita (कृदन्त; मुद् धातु, क्त) + mānasa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); karmadhāraya ‘having a joyful mind’
Narrative voice (frame not specified in input)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Yuga conditionsAscetic-like simplicityNon-possessivenessPsychological well-being

FAQs

Possessiveness and fixed accumulation are not treated as necessities of human life; the verse imagines an earlier mode where non-attachment (niṣkāmatā) correlates with joy (mudita). It implicitly critiques later acquisitiveness as a source of unrest.

Anucarita: characterization of a primordial age’s lifestyle and temperament rather than a deity-episode or a dynastic account.

‘Aniketa’ can symbolize the inner renunciate who does not ‘settle’ in any object-identity; ‘niṣkāma’ echoes karma-yoga ideals—action without craving—presented here as an original human disposition.