Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 33

Adhyaya 39Yoga Discipline: Posture, Breath Control, Sense Withdrawal, and Signs of Attainment

निगृह्य समवायेन प्रत्याहारमुपक्रमेत् । यस्तु प्रत्याहरेत्कामान् सर्वाङ्गानीव कच्छपः ॥

nigṛhya samavāyena pratyāhāram upakramet | yas tu pratyāharet kāmān sarvāṅgānīva kacchapaḥ ||

Setelah menahan semuanya secara terpadu, hendaklah seseorang memulakan pratyāhāra (penarikan balik). Dia yang menarik balik keinginan—seperti kura-kura menarik masuk semua anggota tubuhnya—itulah yang mengamalkan pratyāhāra dengan benar.

निगृह्यhaving restrained
निगृह्य:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootनि + ग्रह् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); ‘having restrained/controlled’
समवायेनby conjunction/collective integration
समवायेन:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसमवाय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
प्रत्याहारम्withdrawal (pratyāhāra)
प्रत्याहारम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रत्याहार (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
उपक्रमेत्should undertake
उपक्रमेत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउप + क्रम् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular; ‘should begin/undertake’
यःwho
यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; relative pronoun
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), contrast/emphasis
प्रत्याहरेत्should withdraw
प्रत्याहरेत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति + आ + हृ (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular; ‘should withdraw/draw back’
कामान्desires
कामान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकाम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural
सर्वाङ्गानिall (his) limbs
सर्वाङ्गानि:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वाङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; कर्मधारय: सर्व + अङ्ग (‘all limbs’)
इवlike
इव:
Upamāna-dyotaka (उपमान-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
FormSimile particle (उपमावाचक अव्यय)
कच्छपःa tortoise
कच्छपः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकच्छप (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
Father–son dialogue (specific names not provided in the input)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

YogaPratyāhāraDesire-restraintSimile (tortoise)

FAQs

Desire is treated as the root driver of sensory outwardness; ethical self-mastery is the capacity to retract attention at will, not merely to suppress actions externally.

Yoga-limb instruction; outside the pañcalakṣaṇa narrative taxonomy.

The tortoise image signals reversible control: the yogin can extend or withdraw faculties consciously, indicating sovereignty over the sense-mind complex.