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Shloka 31

Adhyaya 26Madālasa Names Alarka and Reorients Him Toward Kshatriya Duty

सदाप्यायते सुभ्रु ! तद्वद्देवातिथोऽनपि ।

देवैर्मनुष्यैः पितृभिः प्रेतैर्भूतैः सगुह्यकैः ॥

sadāpyāyate subhru! tadvat devātitho 'n api / devair manuṣyaiḥ pitṛbhiḥ pretair bhūtaiḥ sa-guhyakaiḥ //

Wahai yang berkening indah, demikian juga para dewa dan para tetamu sentiasa dipelihara—oleh para dewa, manusia, para leluhur (pitṛ), para preta yang telah pergi, para bhūta, dan juga para guhyaka.

सदाalways
सदा:
क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
Formकालाव्यय (adverb of time)
अप्यायतेis nourished / thrives
अप्यायते:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअप् + आय (धातु: अप्याय्)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), आत्मनेपद
सुभ्रुO fair-browed one
सुभ्रु:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootसु-भ्रू (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/vocative), एकवचन
तद्वत्likewise / in the same way
तद्वत्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्वत् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम-तद्धित)
Formउपमानार्थक-अव्यय (indeclinable of comparison: 'like that')
देवातिथोof Devātithi
देवातिथो:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootदेवातिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन; समास: देव + अतिथि (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'guest of the gods')
अनपिeven not / also not
अनपि:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनपि (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध/अपि-समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (particle: 'even not/also not')
देवैःby the gods
देवैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
मनुष्यैःby humans
मनुष्यैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
पितृभिःby the Pitṛs (ancestors)
पितृभिः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
प्रेतैःby the departed spirits
प्रेतैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
भूतैःby beings/spirits
भूतैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootभूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन
सगुह्यकैःtogether with the Guhyakas
सगुह्यकैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootस + गुह्यक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन; समास/योग: स- (सहित) + गुह्यक ('with the Guhyakas')
Jaḍa to Madālasā
Kubera (implied via guhyakas)
Atithi-dharmaYajña as interdependenceRitual ecology of beingsPitṛ and preta cosmology

FAQs

The verse expands dharma beyond humans: hospitality and offerings maintain a multi-realm reciprocity. The householder’s rites are portrayed as a cosmic economy sustaining visible and invisible communities.

Not a core pañcalakṣaṇa unit; it is dharma teaching within Anucarita, using cosmological categories as support.

‘Nourishment’ indicates prāṇic circulation across planes. Guests (atithi) also symbolize the divine arriving unannounced; serving them is serving the totality of beings (sarva-bhūta-hita).