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Shloka 15

Adhyaya 2 — The Wise Birds

Sanskrit

स्रग्दामापूरितशिखं हरिचन्दनभूषितम् ।

केतकीगर्भपत्राभिर्दन्तैर्घोरतराननम् ॥

Transliteration

sragdāmāpūritaśikhaṃ haricandanabhūṣitam |

ketakīgarbhapatrābhir dantair ghoratarānanam ||

Translation

Jambulnya penuh dan dihiasi dengan kalungan bunga, serta disapukan cendana kuning; giginya seperti kelopak dalam bunga ketakī, dan wajahnya amat menggerunkan.

Word by Word
स्रक्garland
स्रक्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootस्रज्/स्रक् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (in compound)
दामstring, garland-string
दाम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootदामन्/दाम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (in compound)
स्रग्दामgarlands and strings
स्रग्दाम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootस्रक्-दाम (प्रातिपदिक; components: स्रक् + दाम)
Formद्वन्द्व (स्रक् च दाम च), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (collective), in compound
आपूरितfilled, adorned with
आपूरित:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआ√पूर् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (agreeing with -शिखम्)
शिखम्crest, topknot
शिखम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootशिख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन (in bahuvrihi)
स्रग्दामापूरितशिखम्whose crest was filled with garlands/strings
स्रग्दामापूरितशिखम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्रग्दाम-आपूरित-शिख (प्रातिपदिक; components: स्रग्दाम + आपूरित + शिख)
Formबहुव्रीहि (यस्य शिखा स्रग्दामभिः आपूरिता), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन (qualifying previous subject)
हरिyellow, tawny
हरि:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण (in compound), masculine/neuter stem
चन्दनsandalwood
चन्दन:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootचन्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (in compound)
हरिचन्दनyellow sandalwood
हरिचन्दन:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootहरि-चन्दन (प्रातिपदिक; components: हरि + चन्दन)
Formकर्मधारय (हरि चन्दनम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (in compound)
भूषितम्adorned
भूषितम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√भूष् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
हरिचन्दनभूषितम्adorned with yellow sandalwood
हरिचन्दनभूषितम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootहरिचन्दन-भूषित (प्रातिपदिक; components: हरिचन्दन + भूषित)
Formतृतीया-तत्पुरुष (हरिचन्दनेन भूषितम्), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
केतकीketakī (pandanus)
केतकी:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootकेतकी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (in compound)
गर्भinner part, core
गर्भ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootगर्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (in compound)
पत्राभिःwith leaves
पत्राभिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootपत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन
केतकीगर्भपत्राभिःwith leaves from the inner part of ketakī
केतकीगर्भपत्राभिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootकेतकी-गर्भ-पत्र (प्रातिपदिक; components: केतकी + गर्भ + पत्र)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (केतक्याः गर्भस्य पत्राणि), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन
दन्तैःwith teeth
दन्तैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootदन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन
घोरतरmore terrible
घोरतर:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर (प्रातिपदिक) + तरप् (तद्धित)
Formतुलनात्मक (comparative) विशेषण, पुंलिङ्ग (in compound)
आननम्face
आननम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootआनन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (usage varies; here in bahuvrihi), द्वितीया एकवचन (in compound)
घोरतराननम्whose face was most dreadful
घोरतराननम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootघोरतर-आनन (प्रातिपदिक; components: घोरतर + आनन)
Formबहुव्रीहि (यस्य आननं घोरतरम्), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन
Speakers
Narratorial description within the Markandeya Purana’s early narrative (not the Devi Mahatmyam dialogue)
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes
Poetic imageryPortentous descriptionFearsome/ugra characterization

FAQs

The verse employs ornamentation (garlands, sandalwood) juxtaposed with grotesque features (ketakī-like teeth) to show that external adornment does not soften an inherently fearsome nature—an implicit warning against judging by appearances and a reminder that dharma evaluates conduct and intent rather than decoration.

This verse is best categorized under Ākhyāna (narrative description) rather than the core pañcalakṣaṇa items (sarga, pratisarga, vaṃśa, manvantara, vaṃśānucarita). It functions as scene-setting within a story segment.

The imagery suggests a liminal, deceptive power: fragrant sandalwood and garlands (sāttvika markers) overlay a terrifying mouth/teeth (ugra/rajas-tamas). Symbolically, it can indicate māyā—pleasant surfaces masking danger—preparing the listener for discernment (viveka) in later moral or cosmological instruction.

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