Shloka 25

Adhyaya 19 — Kartavirya Arjuna at Dattatreya’s Ashram: Boons, Sovereignty, and Vaishnava Praise

Sanskrit

तपस्विनां पालयिता सार्थपालस्तु सोऽभवत् ।

दस्यु-व्यालाग्नि-शस्त्रादि-भयेऽब्धौ निमज्जताम् ॥

Transliteration

tapasvināṃ pālayitā sārthapālastu so 'bhavat / dasyu-vyālāgri-śastrādi-bhayeṣvabdhau nimajjatām

Translation

Baginda menjadi pelindung para pertapa dan juga penjaga kafilah; bagi mereka yang tenggelam dalam lautan ketakutan—perompak, binatang buas, api, senjata dan seumpamanya—baginda menjadi perlindungan mereka.

Word by Word

• तपस्विनाम्: of ascetics
• तपस्विनाम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (Plural)

• पालयिता: protector
• पालयिता: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पालयितृ (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-कर्तृवाचक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular)

• सार्थपालः: caravan-guard
• सार्थपालः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सार्थ + पाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative)

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थ (contrast/emphasis)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular)

• अभवत्: became/was
• अभवत्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• दस्यु: bandit
• दस्यु: सम्बन्ध (compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दस्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• व्याल: wild beast/serpent
• व्याल: सम्बन्ध (compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्याल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• अग्नि: fire
• अग्नि: सम्बन्ध (compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• शस्त्र: weapon
• शस्त्र: सम्बन्ध (compound member)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; समासाङ्ग (compound member)

• आदि: and the like
• आदि: सम्बन्ध (enumerative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आदि (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक-समासान्त)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थ/समासान्त (etc., and so on)

• भये: in fear (from bandits, beasts, fire, weapons, etc.)
• भये: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/सप्तमी), एकवचन (Singular); समास: दस्यु-व्याल-अग्नि-शस्त्र-आदि-भय (determinative)

• अब्दौ: in the ocean
• अब्दौ: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अब्दि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/सप्तमी), एकवचन (Singular)

• निमज्जताम्: of those sinking
• निमज्जताम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive: of those who are sinking)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निमज्ज् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present participle), परस्मैपद; षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (Plural)

Speakers

• Jaḍa (narrator)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Protection of the vulnerable
• Safe trade and travel
• Public safety
• Support of tapas (asceticism)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The king’s dharma extends beyond borders and taxes to real safety: protecting ascetics (spiritual capital) and caravans (economic circulation) sustains both dharma and artha.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita: a king’s greatness is measured by removal of fear (abhaya-dāna in practice), a recurrent puranic criterion of ideal rule.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Ocean of fears’ is saṃsāra imagery; the protector functions like a ferry across dangers—symbolizing dharmic authority as a means of deliverance from chaos.