Shloka 58

Adhyaya 16 — The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

Sanskrit

क्रियाश्च शास्त्रनिर्दिष्टा रागद्वेषविवर्जिताः ।

कर्तव्या अन्वहं श्रद्धा-पुरस्कारेण शक्तितः ॥

Transliteration

kriyāś ca śāstra-nirdiṣṭā rāga-dveṣa-vivarjitāḥ | kartavyā anvahaṃ śraddhā-puraskāreṇa śaktitaḥ ||

Translation

Perbuatan yang ditetapkan oleh śāstra hendaklah dilakukan setiap hari, bebas daripada keterikatan dan kebencian; dengan śraddhā (iman) didahulukan serta menurut kemampuan diri.

Word by Word

• kriyāḥ: rites; actions
• kriyāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• śāstra-nirdiṣṭāḥ: prescribed by scripture
• śāstra-nirdiṣṭāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of kriyāḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śāstra (प्रातिपदिक) + nirdiṣṭa (कृदन्त; नि√दिश्)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (Tatpurusha: ‘śāstreṇa nirdiṣṭāḥ’), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); कृदन्त: भूतकर्मणि-क्त (past passive participle, -ta)

• rāga-dveṣa-vivarjitāḥ: free from attachment and aversion
• rāga-dveṣa-vivarjitāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of kriyāḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rāga (प्रातिपदिक) + dveṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + vivarjita (कृदन्त; वि√वर्ज्)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (Tatpurusha: ‘rāga-dveṣābhyāṃ vivarjitāḥ’ = devoid of attachment and aversion), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कृदन्त: भूतकर्मणि-क्त (past passive participle)

• kartavyāḥ: should be performed
• kartavyāḥ: Vidheyaviśeṣaṇa (विधेय-विशेषण/Predicate adjective of kriyāḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kartavya (कृदन्त; √kṛ)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); कृदन्त: तव्यत्-प्रत्यय (gerundive/obligatory: ‘to be done’)

• anvaham: every day
• anvaham: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: anvaham (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time: ‘daily’)

• śraddhā-puraskāreṇa: with faith as the foremost (with faith)
• śraddhā-puraskāreṇa: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śraddhā (प्रातिपदिक) + puraskāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (Tatpurusha: ‘śraddhā puraskṛtya’ = with faith placed in front), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• śaktitaḥ: to the best of one’s ability
• śaktitaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śakti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त-अव्यय (ablatival adverb: ‘according to ability’)

Speakers

• Instructor voice within the dialogue

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "yoga", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Nitya-karma
• Rāga-dveṣa transcendence
• Śraddhā
• Dharma practice

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Right action is defined by scriptural alignment and inner equanimity: practice should be steady (daily), sincere (śraddhā), and realistic (within capacity).

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra-focused instruction; complements Purāṇic narrative sections that otherwise treat lineage and epochs.

What is the esoteric significance?

Freedom from rāga-dveṣa aligns with yogic ethics: daily duties become a means of inner purification when performed without emotional grasping.