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Shloka 49

Virāṭa’s Conciliation and Uttara’s Account of the Unseen Champion

Bṛhannadā/Arjuna

उससे पीड़ित हो रणदुर्धर्ष वीर महाबाहु भीष्म रथका कूबर पकड़कर बहुत देरतक निश्वेष्ट बैठे रह गये ।। त॑ विसंज्ञमपोवाह संयन्ता रथवाजिनाम्‌ | उपदेशमनुस्मृत्य रक्षमाणो महारथम्‌,वे बेहोश थे। "ऐसी दशामें सारथिको रथीकी रक्षा करनी चाहिये" इस उपदेशका स्मरण करके महारथी भीष्मकी प्राणरक्षाके उद्देश्य्से उनके रथ और घोड़ोंको काबूमें रखनेवाला सारथि उन्हें संग्रामभूमिसे दूर हटा ले गया

vaiśampāyana uvāca | taṁ visaṁjñam apovāha saṁyantā rathavājinām | upadeśam anusmṛtya rakṣamāṇo mahāratham ||

Vaiśampāyana berkata: Mengingati ajaran bahawa dalam saat genting sais harus melindungi pahlawan, si pemandu—penguasa kuda-kuda kereta—telah membawa Bhīṣma pergi ketika baginda pengsan, menahan kuda-kuda dan menjaga sang maharathi itu, lalu mengundurkannya dari medan perang.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विसंज्ञम्unconscious
विसंज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविसंज्ञ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपोवाहcarried away, removed
अपोवाह:
TypeVerb
Rootअप + वह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
संयन्ताthe charioteer, controller
संयन्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंयन्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथवाजिनाम्of the chariot-horses
रथवाजिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथवाजिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
उपदेशम्instruction, teaching
उपदेशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपदेश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनुस्मृत्यhaving remembered
अनुस्मृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + स्मृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
रक्षमाणःprotecting
रक्षमाणः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
महारथम्the great chariot-warrior
महारथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Bhīṣma
C
charioteer (sārathi/saṁyantā)
C
chariot
H
horses

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a practical dharma of war: a charioteer’s duty is not merely to drive but to protect the warrior—especially by withdrawing him from danger when he is incapacitated—placing preservation of life and responsible conduct above pride or continued combat.

Bhīṣma has become unconscious on the battlefield. His charioteer, recalling the proper instruction for such moments, restrains the horses, maintains control of the chariot, and carries Bhīṣma away from the fighting to protect him.