Shloka 3

Guṇa-vibhāga and Prāṇa–Agni–Yoga Upadeśa (गुणविभाग तथा प्राण-अग्नि-योगोपदेश)

Devanagari script

विष्वगश्वः पृथो: पुत्रस्तस्मादद्रिश्न जज्ञिवान्‌ अद्रेश्व युवनाश्वस्तु श्रावस्तस्थात्मजो 5 भवत्‌,पृथुके विष्वगश्व और उनके पुत्र अद्रि हुए। अद्विके पुत्रका नाम युवनाश्व था। युवनाश्वका पुत्र श्राव नामसे विख्यात हुआ

Transliteration

viśvagāśvaḥ pṛthoḥ putras tasmād adriśna jajñivān | adreśu yuvanāśvas tu śrāvas tasyātmajo 'bhavat ||

Translation

Mārkaṇḍeya berkata: “Viśvagāśva ialah putera Pṛthu. Daripadanya lahirlah Adriśna. Daripada Adriśna lahirlah Yuvanāśva; dan putera Yuvanāśva menjadi termasyhur dengan nama Śrāvas.” Dalam kisah salasilah ini, teks menegaskan kesinambungan keturunan serta pemeliharaan ingatan diraja melalui pewarisan yang sah dan kemasyhuran yang diraih dalam dharma.

Word by Word

विष्वगश्वःViśvag-aśva (proper name; lit. ‘having horses everywhere’)

पृथोःof Pṛthu

पुत्रःson

तस्मात्from him

अद्रिश्नःAdriśna (proper name)

जज्ञिवान्was born / came to be born

अद्रेश्वin/at/from Adri (i.e., ‘in Adri’; contextually ‘to Adri’ as lineage marker)

युवनाश्वःYuvanāśva (proper name; lit. ‘young-horse’)

तुand/but/indeed

श्रावःŚrāva (proper name)

तस्यof him

आत्मजःson (lit. ‘born of oneself’)

अभवत्was/became

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Mārkaṇḍeya

Pṛthu

Viśvagāśva

Adriśna

Yuvanāśva

Śrāvas

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse reinforces the Itihāsa emphasis on lineage preserved through dharmic succession: names and reputations endure when a royal line continues in an orderly, legitimate manner, linking personal identity to ancestral responsibility.

What is happening in the narrative?

Mārkaṇḍeya is reciting a genealogical sequence: Pṛthu’s son is Viśvagāśva; Viśvagāśva’s descendant is Adriśna; from Adriśna comes Yuvanāśva; and Yuvanāśva’s son is Śrāvas, noted for renown.