Mahabharata 3.201.69 — Vana Parva, Adhyaya 201, Shloka 69

Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)

Devanagari script

यावद्‌ वत्सस्य वै पादौ शिरश्रैव प्रदृश्यते । तस्मिन्‌ काले प्रदातव्या प्रयत्नेनान्तरात्मना

Translation

“Apabila lembu bunting sedang beranak, dan yang kelihatan keluar hanyalah muka serta kedua-dua kaki anak lembu itu, pada saat itulah hendaklah lembu itu didermakan dengan bersungguh-sungguh dan dengan hati yang suci.”

Word by Word

• यावत्: as long as / until
• यावत्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यावत्
• Form: correlative adverb (yāvat–tāvat construction)

• वत्सस्य: of the calf
• वत्सस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: वत्स
• Form: masculine, genitive, singular

• वै: indeed / surely
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै
• Form: emphatic particle

• पादौ: two feet
• पादौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाद
• Form: masculine, nominative, dual

• शिरः: head
• शिरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिरस्
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• एव: only / just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव
• Form: restrictive particle

• प्रदृश्यते: is seen / appears
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: present, passive (karmaṇi), 3rd person, singular

• तस्मिन्: at that (time)
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, locative, singular

• काले: time
• काले: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल
• Form: masculine, locative, singular

• प्रदातव्या: should be given (as a gift)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-दा
• Form: gerundive (tavya), feminine, nominative, singular (agreeing with गौ understood)

• प्रयत्नेन: with effort
• प्रयत्नेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रयत्न
• Form: masculine, instrumental, singular

• अन्तरात्मना: with inner self / with sincere heart
• अन्तरात्मना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तरात्मन्
• Form: masculine, instrumental, singular

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच