Mahabharata 3.201.53 — Vana Parva, Adhyaya 201, Shloka 53

Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)

Devanagari script

यान्ति चैवापरिक्लिष्टा नस: सस्यप्रदायका: । नरा: सुखतरं यान्ति विमानेषु गृहप्रदा:

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca | yānti caivāparikliṣṭā naraḥ sasyapradāyakāḥ | narāḥ sukhataram yānti vimāneṣu gṛhapradāḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana berkata: Orang yang mengurniakan ladang yang telah diusahakan dan mengeluarkan hasil bijirin berangkat dari dunia ini tanpa kesusahan. Dan mereka yang mendermakan rumah berangkat dengan kegembiraan yang lebih besar, dibawa menaiki kenderaan langit (vimāna), menikmati kesenangan dan kemudahan yang unggul.

Word by Word

• यान्ति: go, proceed
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (गत्यर्थक धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• अपरिक्लिष्टाः: untroubled, without hardship
• अपरिक्लिष्टाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपरिक्लिष्ट (परिक्लिष्ट-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• नराः: men, persons
• नराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• सस्यप्रदायकाः: givers of crops/produce (donors of cultivated produce/fields)
• सस्यप्रदायकाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सस्य-प्रदायक
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• सुखतरम्: more pleasantly, with greater ease (as an adverbial accusative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुखतर (सुख-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुं, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• यान्ति: go, proceed
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (गत्यर्थक धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन

• विमानेषु: in aerial cars, in celestial chariots
• विमानेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विमान
• Form: नपुं, सप्तमी, बहुवचन

• गृहप्रदाः: givers of houses (donors of dwellings)
• गृहप्रदाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह-प्रद
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• vimāna (celestial aerial car)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Gifts that directly sustain life—productive land yielding food and especially a dwelling that provides shelter—are praised as high forms of dāna; they lead to an untroubled and happier passage after death, symbolized by travel in vimānas.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Vaiśampāyana’s ongoing discourse on the fruits of charitable acts, he specifies the posthumous rewards for donating cultivated fields and houses: the former brings a painless departure, while the latter grants an even more joyous journey in celestial conveyances.