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Shloka 18

Hanūmān’s Embrace, Counsel, and Promise to Amplify Bhīma’s Battle-Roar

Gandhamādana Continuation

ब्राह्मणा: क्षत्रिया वैश्या: शूद्राश्न॒ कृतलक्षणा: । कृते युगे समभवन्‌ स्वकर्मनिरता: प्रजा:,ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय, वैश्य और शूद्र सभी शम-दम आदि स्वभावसिद्ध शुभ लक्षणोंसे सम्पन्न थे। सत्ययुगमें समस्त प्रजा अपने-अपने कर्तव्यकर्मोंमें तत्पर रहती थी

brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyāḥ śūdrāś ca kṛtalakṣaṇāḥ | kṛte yuge samabhavan svakarmaniratāḥ prajāḥ ||

Bhīma berkata: “Dalam Yuga Kṛta (Satya), para brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya, vaiśya dan śūdra—semuanya dikurniai sifat-sifat baik yang wajar seperti śama dan dama. Pada zaman itu, seluruh rakyat tekun pada tugas yang ditetapkan bagi masing-masing, setiap orang teguh dalam pekerjaan yang sesuai dengan kedudukannya.”

ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षत्रियाःKshatriyas
क्षत्रियाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैश्याःVaishyas
वैश्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शूद्राःShudras
शूद्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कृतलक्षणाःendowed with (good) marks/characteristics
कृतलक्षणाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतलक्षण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कृतेin the Krita (Satya) age
कृते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
युगेin the age/epoch
युगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
समभवन्were/occurred (came to be)
समभवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + भू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural
स्वकर्मनिरताःdevoted to their own duties
स्वकर्मनिरताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वकर्मनिरत
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
प्रजाःthe people/subjects
प्रजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

भीम उवाच

B
Bhīma
B
brāhmaṇa
K
kṣatriya
V
vaiśya
Ś
śūdra
K
Kṛta Yuga (Satya Yuga)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents the Kṛta Yuga as an ethical ideal: all social groups are described as naturally possessing virtuous qualities and remaining devoted to their own dharmic responsibilities (svakarma). The emphasis is on inner virtue and faithful performance of duty as the foundation of social harmony.

Bhīma is speaking and describing the character of the Kṛta (Satya) Yuga. He contrasts (implicitly) an earlier age of righteousness—where all varṇas were marked by good qualities and dutiful conduct—with later ages where such steadiness in dharma declines.