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Shloka 3

Sanatsujāta on Vedic Learning, Truth (Satya), and the Discipline of Dama–Tyāga–Apramāda

ध्ृतराष्टर उवाच अत्यन्तविद्यामिति यत्‌ सनातनीं ब्रवीषि त्वं ब्रह्मचर्येण सिद्धाम्‌ । अनारभ्यां वसतीह कार्यकाले कथं ब्राह्मुण्यममृतत्वं लभेत,धृतराष्ट्रने कहा--जो कर्मोंद्वारा आरम्भ होनेयोग्य नहीं है तथा कार्यके समयमें भी जो इस आत्मामें ही रहती है, उस अनन्त ब्रह्मसे सम्बन्ध रखनेवाली इस सनातन विद्याको यदि आप ब्रह्मचर्यसे ही प्राप्त होनेयोग्य बता रहे हैं तो मुझ-जैसे लोग ब्रह्मसम्बन्धी अमृतत्व (मोक्ष)-को कैसे पा सकते हैं?

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | atyantavidyām iti yat sanātanīṃ bravīṣi tvaṃ brahmacaryeṇa siddhām | anārabhyāṃ vasatīha kāryakāle kathaṃ brāhmaṇyam amṛtatvaṃ labheta |

Dhṛtarāṣṭra berkata: “Engkau berbicara tentang pengetahuan tertinggi yang abadi, disempurnakan melalui brahmacarya. Namun dikatakan bahawa ia ‘tidak dimulakan oleh tindakan’ dan bahawa pada saat menjalankan kewajipan pun ia tetap tinggal di sini, dalam Diri. Jika demikian, bagaimana orang seperti aku dapat mencapai keadaan Brahman dan kebebasan yang tidak mati (mokṣa) yang berkaitan dengan Brahman?”

धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
अत्यन्तविद्याम्the ultimate/absolute knowledge
अत्यन्तविद्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअत्यन्तविद्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus/so (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
यत्which (that)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सनातनीम्eternal
सनातनीम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ब्रवीषिyou say/call
ब्रवीषि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormPresent, Second, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मचर्येणby brahmacarya (celibate discipline)
ब्रह्मचर्येण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचर्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सिद्धाम्attained/accomplished
सिद्धाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसिद्ध
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अनारभ्याम्not to be initiated/undertaken (by action)
अनारभ्याम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनारभ्य
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वसतिdwells/abides
वसति:
TypeVerb
Rootवस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular
इहhere (in this world/teaching)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
कार्यकालेat the time of action/duty
कार्यकाले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकार्यकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
ब्राह्मुण्यम्Brahman-hood / brahminical state (brahma-related status)
ब्राह्मुण्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मुण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अमृतत्वम्immortality (mokṣa)
अमृतत्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमृतत्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
लभेतmight obtain/attain
लभेत:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormOptative, Third, Singular

ध्ृतराष्टर उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
B
Brahman

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a classic tension: liberation is described as an ever-present, action-independent knowledge abiding in the Self, yet it is also said to be perfected through disciplined brahmacarya. Dhṛtarāṣṭra asks how a householder-king engaged in duties can reach brahman-realization and deathlessness if the path seems tied to ascetic discipline.

In Udyoga Parva’s counsel-oriented setting before the great war, Dhṛtarāṣṭra questions a teaching he has heard about eternal knowledge and liberation. He seeks clarification on whether such realization is accessible to those immersed in royal responsibilities rather than living an ascetic, celibate life.