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Shloka 50

Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Pramāda as Mṛtyu

Chapter 42

छन्दांसि नाम क्षत्रिय तान्यथर्वा पुरा जगौ महर्षिसड्घ एष: । छन्‍्दोविदस्ते य उत नाधीतवेदा न वेदवेद्यस्य विदुर्हि तत्त्वम्‌,राजन! अथर्वा मुनि एवं महर्षिसमुदायने पूर्व-कालमें जिनका गान किया है, वे ही छन्‍्द (वेद) हैं। किंतु सम्पूर्ण वेद पढ़ लेनेपर भी जो वेदोंके द्वारा जाननेयोग्य परमात्माके तत्त्वको नहीं जानते, वे वास्तवमें वेदके विद्वान्‌ नहीं हैं

chandāṁsi nāma kṣatriya tāny atharvā purā jagau maharṣi-saṅgha eṣaḥ | chando-vidas te ya uta nādhīta-vedā na veda-vedyasya vidur hi tattvam, rājan |

Sanatsujāta berkata: “Wahai kṣatriya, inilah yang dinamakan ‘chandas’—himne-himne Veda—yang dahulu kala dinyanyikan oleh resi Atharvan di hadapan perhimpunan para maharṣi ini. Namun mereka yang, walaupun telah mempelajari Veda, tidak mengetahui hakikat Yang Tertinggi yang sepatutnya dikenal melalui Veda—mereka itu sebenarnya bukanlah orang yang mengetahui Veda, wahai raja.”

छन्दांसिmeters / Vedic hymns
छन्दांसि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootछन्दस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
नामindeed / namely
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
क्षत्रियO Kshatriya
क्षत्रिय:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तानिthose (things)
तानि:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अथर्वाAtharvan (the sage)
अथर्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअथर्वन् (अथर्वा)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुराformerly
पुरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
जगौsang / chanted
जगौ:
TypeVerb
Rootगै (गायति)
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
महर्षि-सङ्घःthe assembly of great seers
महर्षि-सङ्घः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहर्षि + सङ्घ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एषःthis
एषः:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
छन्दो-विदःknowers of the Veda/meters
छन्दो-विदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootछन्दस् + विद् (विद्-प्रत्ययान्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
उतand / also
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अधीत-वेदाःhaving studied the Vedas
अधीत-वेदाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअधि-इ (अधीते) + वेद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वेद-वेद्यस्यof that which is knowable by the Veda
वेद-वेद्यस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootवेद + वेद्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
विदुःknow
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (वेद)
FormPerfect, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तत्त्वम्the true principle / reality
तत्त्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta
A
Atharvan (Atharvā)
M
Mahārṣis (great sages)
K
King (rājan)
K
Kṣatriya (addressed person)

Educational Q&A

Mere mastery of Vedic recitation or learning does not make one a true knower of the Veda; true knowledge is knowing the ultimate reality (that which the Veda intends to reveal).

Sanatsujāta instructs the king in a didactic setting, invoking Atharvan and the ancient seer-assembly to ground his authority, then redirects attention from ritual/metrical expertise to realization of the Veda’s highest object of knowledge.