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Shloka 41

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 40 — Vidura’s Ethical Counsel and Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Fatalistic Turn

जिसे सुनकर ये नरेश सब दु:खोंसे पार हो जायँ और लाभ-हानि, प्रिय-अप्रिय, जरा- मृत्यु, भय-अमर्ष, भूख-प्यास, मद-ऐश्वर्य, चिन्ता-आलस्य, काम-क्रोध तथा अवनति-उन्नति --ये इन्हें कष्ट न पहुँचा सकें ।। इति श्रीमहाभारते उद्योगपर्वणि सनत्सुजातपर्वणि विदुरकृतसनत्सुजातप्रा र्थने एकचत्वारिंशो5 ध्याय:,इस प्रकार श्रीमह्ाभारत उद्योगपर्वके अन्तर्गत सनत्युजातपर्वमें विदुरजीके द्वारा सनत्युजातकी प्रार्थनाविषयक इकतालीसवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ

yaṃ śrutvā ime nṛpāḥ sarve duḥkhebhyaḥ pārāṃ yāyur, na ca tān lābhālābhau priyāpriye jarāmṛtyū bhayāmarṣau kṣutpipāse mada-aiśvarye cintā-ālasye kāmakrodhau avanatir unnatiś ca kleśayituṃ śaknuyāt.

Vaiśampāyana berkata: “Dengan mendengar ini, semua raja itu akan menyeberangi dukacita, dan pasangan-pasangan pertentangan—untung dan rugi, yang menyenangkan dan yang tidak menyenangkan, tua dan mati, takut dan geram, lapar dan dahaga, mabuk dan kuasa, cemas dan malas, nafsu dan amarah, jatuh dan bangkit—tidak lagi mampu menyakiti mereka.” (Demikian berakhir bab keempat puluh satu dalam bahagian Sanatsujāta Udyoga Parva, mengenai doa Vidura kepada Sanatsujāta.)

यत्which (that)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नरेशाःkings
नरेशाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दुःखेभ्यःfrom sorrows
दुःखेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Ablative, Plural
पारम्the far shore/end
पारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यायुःmay go / may cross
यायुः:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
लाभहानिgain and loss
लाभहानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलाभ + हानि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रियाप्रियthe pleasant and the unpleasant
प्रियाप्रिय:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रिय + अप्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
जरामृत्युold age and death
जरामृत्यु:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजरा + मृत्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भयामर्षfear and intolerance/indignation
भयामर्ष:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभय + अमर्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भुक्षापिपासाhunger and thirst
भुक्षापिपासा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभुक्षा(=भुक्ष्/भुक्ष्या) + पिपासा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मदैश्वर्यpride/intoxication and lordship/prosperity
मदैश्वर्य:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद + ऐश्वर्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
चिन्तालस्यanxiety and laziness
चिन्तालस्य:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचिन्ता + आलस्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कामक्रोधdesire and anger
कामक्रोध:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाम + क्रोध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाand also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अवनतिउन्नतिdecline and rise
अवनतिउन्नति:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअवनति + उन्नति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
एतेthese (all these)
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एनान्them
एनान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कष्टम्pain/affliction
कष्टम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकष्ट
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपहन्युःmay afflict/harm
उपहन्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-हन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
श्रीमहाभारतेin the revered Mahabharata
श्रीमहाभारते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootश्रीमहाभारत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
उद्योगपर्वणिin the Udyoga-parvan
उद्योगपर्वणि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootउद्योगपर्वन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सनत्सुजातपर्वणिin the Sanatsujata-parvan
सनत्सुजातपर्वणि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसनत्सुजातपर्वन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विदुरकृतdone by Vidura
विदुरकृत:
TypeAdjective
Rootविदुर + कृत
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Locative, Singular
सनत्सुजातप्रार्थनेin the prayer to Sanatsujata
सनत्सुजातप्रार्थने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसनत्सुजात + प्रार्थना
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
एकचत्वारिंशःforty-first
एकचत्वारिंशः:
TypeAdjective
Rootएकचत्वारिंशत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अध्यायःchapter
अध्यायः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअध्याय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
N
nṛpāḥ (kings)
S
Sanatsujāta
V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

The passage emphasizes inner freedom through equanimity: when one truly understands the teaching being concluded here, the dualities that normally disturb the mind—success and failure, pleasure and pain, fear, hunger, pride, desire, anger, and even rise and fall—lose their power to cause suffering.

Vaiśampāyana closes the Sanatsujāta episode within the Udyoga Parva by summarizing the effect of the instruction: it would enable the assembled kings to transcend sorrow. The colophon notes that this is the end of the chapter describing Vidura’s prayer to Sanatsujāta.