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Shloka 21

Vidura-nīti: Atithi-dharma, Trust, Counsel-Secrecy, and Traits of Sustainable Rule

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 38

प्रसादं कुरु वीराणां पाण्डवानां विशाम्पते । दीयन्तां ग्रामका: केचित्‌ तेषां वृत्त्यर्थमी श्वर,राजन! आप समर्थ हैं, वीर पाण्डवोंपर कृपा कीजिये और उनकी जीविकाके लिये कुछ गाँव दे दीजिये

prasādaṃ kuru vīrāṇāṃ pāṇḍavānāṃ viśāmpate | dīyantāṃ grāmakāḥ kecit teṣāṃ vṛttyartham īśvara rājan |

Vidura mendesak raja agar menunjukkan rahmat kepada para wira Pāṇḍava: sebagai pemerintah yang adil dan tuan negeri, baginda patut mengurniakan sekurang-kurangnya beberapa buah kampung untuk menyara kehidupan mereka. Rayuan ini menempatkan perdamaian sebagai kewajipan diraja—suatu tindakan menahan diri dan bermurah hati yang mampu mengelakkan pertumpahan darah yang lebih besar.

प्रसादम्favor, grace
प्रसादम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रसाद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कुरुdo, grant
कुरु:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
वीराणाम्of the heroes
वीराणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दीयन्ताम्let (them) be given
दीयन्ताम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormImperative, Third, Plural, Atmanepada (passive)
ग्रामकाःsmall villages
ग्रामकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootग्रामक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
केचित्some
केचित्:
Visheshana
TypePronoun
Root
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेषाम्for them / of them
तेषाम्:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
वृत्त्यर्थम्for (their) livelihood
वृत्त्यर्थम्:
Prayojana
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति-अर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ईश्वरO lord
ईश्वर:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootईश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
P
Pāṇḍavas
T
the King (addressed as viśāmpati/rājan; Dhṛtarāṣṭra in context)
V
villages (grāmakāḥ)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s dharma includes compassionate restraint and fair provision: even a minimal, practical concession (a few villages for livelihood) can uphold justice and prevent catastrophic war.

Vidura addresses the king, urging him to appease the Pāṇḍavas by granting them some villages for maintenance—an attempt to secure peace and avert escalation toward open conflict.