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Shloka 7

हंस–साध्यसंवादः, वाक्-निग्रहः, महाकुल-लक्षणम्, शान्ति-उपायः

Hamsa–Sādhya Dialogue; Restraint of Speech; Marks of Noble Lineage; Means to Peace

यस्मिन्‌ यथा वर्तते यो मनुष्य- स्तस्मिंस्तथा वर्तितव्यं स धर्म: | मायाचारो मायया वर्तितव्य: साध्वाचार: साधुना प्रत्युपेय:,जो मनुष्य अपने साथ जैसा बर्ताव करे, उसके साथ वैसा ही बर्ताव करना चाहिये-- यही नीतिधर्म है। कपटका आचरण करनेवालेके साथ कपटपूर्ण बर्ताव करे और अच्छा बर्ताव करनेवालेके साथ साधुभावसे ही बर्ताव करना चाहिये

yasmin yathā vartate yo manuṣyas tasmiṁs tathā vartitavyaṁ sa dharmaḥ | māyācāro māyayā vartitavyaḥ sādhvācāraḥ sādhunā pratyupeyaḥ ||

Sebagaimana seseorang bertindak terhadap kita, demikianlah wajar kita bertindak balas kepadanya—itulah dharma dalam nīti. Terhadap yang berhelah, hadapilah dengan helah; terhadap yang berbuat baik, sambutlah dengan kebaikan yang lurus.

यस्मिन्in whom/with respect to which person
यस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
यथाas, in whatever manner
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
वर्ततेbehaves, conducts himself
वर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (वर्तते)
FormPresent (Lat), Atmanepada, Third, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मनुष्यःa man, a person
मनुष्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्मिन्in him/with regard to him
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
तथाso, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
वर्तितव्यम्should be behaved (towards), ought to be acted
वर्तितव्यम्:
TypeVerbal adjective (gerundive)
Rootवृत्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, तव्यत् (obligation)
सःthat (indeed), he/that
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःdharma, right conduct
धर्मः:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मायाचारःdeceptive conduct
मायाचारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमायाचार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
माययाby deception, with trickery
मायया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमाया
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
वर्तितव्यःshould be dealt with/treated
वर्तितव्यः:
TypeVerbal adjective (gerundive)
Rootवृत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, तव्यत् (obligation)
साध्वाचारःgood conduct, virtuous behavior
साध्वाचारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाध्वाचार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
साधुनाby a good person / in a good manner
साधुना:
Karana
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसाधु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
प्रत्युपेयःis to be reciprocated/returned (in kind)
प्रत्युपेयः:
TypeVerbal adjective (gerundive)
Rootप्रति-उप-इ (इ/ए)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, यत् (obligation; to be approached/returned)

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

Dharma here is framed as appropriate reciprocity: respond to people according to their conduct—guarded strategy against deceit, and sincere goodness toward the virtuous.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers counsel on policy and ethics during the tense pre-war negotiations, advising how to deal differently with the deceitful and the well-intentioned.