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Shloka 43

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 34 — Vidura’s Counsel on Deliberation, Speech-Discipline, and Dharmic Kingship

मद्यपानं कलहूं, पूगवैरं भार्यपत्योरन्तरं ज्ञातिभेदम्‌ । राजद्विष्ट॑ स्त्रीपुंसयोविवादं वर्ज्यान्याहुर्यश्व॒ पन्था: प्रदुष्ट:,शराब पीना, कलह, समूहके साथ वैर, पति-पत्नीमें भेद पैदा करना, कुटुम्बवालोंमें भेदबुद्धि उत्पन्न करना, राजाके साथ द्वेष, स्त्री और पुरुषमें विवाद और बुरे रास्ते--ये सब त्याग देनेयोग्य बताये गये हैं

madyapānaṃ kalahaṃ pūgavairaṃ bhāryāpatyor antaraṃ jñātibhedam | rājadviṣṭaṃ strīpuṃsayor vivādaṃ varjyāny āhur yaś ca panthāḥ praduṣṭaḥ ||

Vidura menyatakan bahawa beberapa tabiat dan perbuatan wajib ditinggalkan kerana menghakis keharmonian dan dharma: meminum arak yang memabukkan, mencetuskan pergaduhan, memelihara permusuhan dengan kelompok sendiri, menimbulkan kerenggangan antara suami isteri, serta menyemai perpecahan dalam kalangan kaum kerabat. Beliau menambah: kebencian terhadap raja, pertikaian antara perempuan dan lelaki, dan segala jalan tingkah laku yang tercemar oleh keburukan juga harus dijauhi.

मद्यपानम्drinking of liquor
मद्यपानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद्यपान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कलहम्quarrel
कलहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकलह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पूगवैरम्enmity with a group
पूगवैरम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपूगवैर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भार्यापत्योःof wife and husband
भार्यापत्योः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या
FormFeminine, Genitive, Dual
अन्तरम्separation / breach
अन्तरम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञातिभेदम्division among kinsmen
ज्ञातिभेदम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञातिभेद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजद्विष्टम्hatred toward the king / being hostile to the king
राजद्विष्टम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootराजद्विष्ट
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्त्रीपुंसयोःof woman and man
स्त्रीपुंसयोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Genitive, Dual
विवादम्dispute
विवादम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविवाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्ज्यानिto be avoided
वर्ज्यानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्ज्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
आहुःthey say / have said
आहुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural
यःwhich / that (he who)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पन्थाःpath / course
पन्थाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपथिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रदुष्टःcorrupted / depraved
प्रदुष्टः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रदुष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
T
the king (rājā, as an institution of royal authority)
H
husband and wife
R
relatives/kinsmen (jñāti)
W
women and men

Educational Q&A

Vidura teaches that dharma is protected by restraint and concord: avoid intoxicants, quarrels, factional hatred, and any conduct that creates rifts in marriage, family, society, or loyalty to rightful authority; a corrupted ‘path’ of life should be abandoned.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers nīti-counsel in the tense lead-up to war, warning that personal vices and social divisiveness—especially within families and political order—accelerate ruin and should be renounced.