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Shloka 33

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 34 — Vidura’s Counsel on Deliberation, Speech-Discipline, and Dharmic Kingship

पज्च पश्चनृते हन्ति दश हन्ति गवानृते । शतमश्चानृते हन्ति सहस्न॑ पुरुषानृते,(अपने स्वार्थके वशीभूत हो) पशुके लिये झूठ बोलनेसे पाँच, गौके लिये झूठ बोलनेपर दस, घोड़ेके लिये असत्य-भाषण करनेपर सौ पीढ़ियोंको और मनुष्यके लिये झूठ बोलनेपर एक हजार पीढ़ियोंको मनुष्य नरकमें गिराता है

pañca paśv-anṛte hanti daśa hanti gavānṛte | śatam aśvānṛte hanti sahasraṁ puruṣānṛte ||

Prahrāda berkata: “Dusta demi seekor haiwan memusnahkan lima keturunan; dusta demi seekor lembu memusnahkan sepuluh; dusta demi seekor kuda memusnahkan seratus; dan dusta demi seorang manusia memusnahkan seribu—lalu menjatuhkan seseorang ke neraka.”

पञ्चfive (persons/lineages)
पञ्च:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्च
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पशु-अनृतेin falsehood concerning an animal
पशु-अनृते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपशु + अनृत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
हन्तिkills/destroys
हन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दशten
दश:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
हन्तिkills/destroys
हन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गो-अनृतेin falsehood concerning a cow
गो-अनृते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगो + अनृत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
शतम्a hundred
शतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अश्व-अनृतेin falsehood concerning a horse
अश्व-अनृते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व + अनृत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
हन्तिkills/destroys
हन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सहस्रम्a thousand
सहस्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसहस्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पुरुष-अनृतेin falsehood concerning a man/person
पुरुष-अनृते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष + अनृत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

प्रह्माद उवाच

P
Prahlāda
P
paśu (animal)
G
go (cow)
A
aśva (horse)
P
puruṣa (human being)
N
naraka (hell, implied)

Educational Q&A

Truthfulness is a central dharma; deliberate lying, especially for selfish ends, carries escalating moral consequences depending on the gravity of the matter—here ranked from animals to human beings—leading to severe downfall.

In Udyoga Parva’s ethical instruction, Prahlāda speaks a didactic verse warning about the karmic and social-spiritual ruin caused by false speech, using a graded list (animal, cow, horse, human) to stress increasing seriousness.