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Shloka 41

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)

न कुल वृत्तहीनस्य प्रमाणमिति मे मति: । अन्तेष्वपि हि जातानां वृत्तमेव विशिष्यते,मेरा ऐसा विचार है कि सदाचारसे हीन मनुष्यका केवल ऊँचा कुल मान्य नहीं हो सकता; क्योंकि नीच कुलमें उत्पन्न मनुष्यका भी सदाचार श्रेष्ठ माना जाता है

na kula-vṛtta-hīnasya pramāṇam iti me matiḥ | anteṣv api hi jātānāṃ vṛttam eva viśiṣyate ||

Vidura berkata: “Pada hematku, kelahiran mulia semata-mata bukanlah sandaran bagi orang yang tiada budi pekerti. Kerana sekalipun dalam kalangan yang lahir dalam keadaan paling rendah, yang menonjol sebagai utama hanyalah kelakuan dan akhlak.”

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
kulafamily, lineage
kula:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootkula
Formneuter, nominative, singular
vṛtta-hīnasyaof one devoid of good conduct
vṛtta-hīnasya:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootvṛtta-hīna
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
pramāṇamauthority, valid ground (for esteem)
pramāṇam:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootpramāṇa
Formneuter, nominative, singular
itithus
iti:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti
memy
me:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootasmad
Formgenitive, singular
matiḥopinion, view
matiḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootmati
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
anteṣuamong the low/last (people), in low ranks
anteṣu:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootanta
Formmasculine, locative, plural
apieven, also
api:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi
hiindeed, for
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
jātānāmof those born
jātānām:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootjāta
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, plural
vṛttamconduct, good behavior
vṛttam:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootvṛtta
Formneuter, nominative, singular
evaalone, indeed
eva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva
viśiṣyateis distinguished, excels
viśiṣyate:
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√śiṣ
Formpresent, ātmanepada (passive-like usage), 3rd, singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

Moral worth is measured by conduct (vṛtta), not by lineage (kula). High birth without good character has no real authority, while good conduct shines even in those born in disadvantaged circumstances.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers ethical counsel during the tense pre-war negotiations. Here he challenges pride in ancestry and urges judging people by dharmic behavior rather than social status.