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Shloka 18

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)

पुष्पं पुष्पं विचिन्वीत मूलच्छेदं॑ न कारयेत्‌ । मालाकार इवारामे न यथाड्रारकारक:,जैसे माली बगीचेमें एक-एक फूल तोड़ता है, उसकी जड़ नहीं काटता, उसी प्रकार राजा प्रजाकी रक्षापूर्वक उनसे कर ले। कोयला बनानेवालेकी तरह जड़से नहीं काटे

puṣpaṁ puṣpaṁ vicinvīta mūlacchedaṁ na kārayet | mālākāra ivārāme na yathāṅgārakārakaḥ ||

Vidura menasihati bahawa seorang pemerintah hendaklah mengambil hasil daripada rakyat dengan berhemah sambil melindungi mereka—seperti tukang kebun di dusun yang memetik bunga satu demi satu tanpa memotong pokok hingga ke akar. Janganlah bertindak seperti pembakar arang yang menebang pokok dari pangkal demi keuntungan segera, lalu memusnahkan punca kemakmuran masa depan.

पुष्पम्a flower
पुष्पम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुष्प
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पुष्पम्a flower (each time/one by one)
पुष्पम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुष्प
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विचिन्वीतshould pick/collect
विचिन्वीत:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + चि
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मूलच्छेदम्cutting of the root
मूलच्छेदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमूलच्छेद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कारयेत्should cause to be done / should do (i.e., should not cut)
कारयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (causative: कारय)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Causative (णिच्)
मालाकारःa garland-maker/gardener
मालाकारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमालाकार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आरामेin a garden/park
आरामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआराम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यथाas/like (in the manner that)
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अङ्गारकारकःa charcoal-maker
अङ्गारकारकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्गारकारक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
M
mālākāra (gardener/garland-maker)
A
aṅgārakāraka (charcoal-maker)
Ā
ārāma (orchard/garden)
P
puṣpa (flower)
M
mūla (root)

Educational Q&A

A king should collect revenue gradually and protectively, preserving the people—the source of the kingdom’s strength—rather than exploiting them in a way that destroys their livelihood and future productivity.

In Vidura’s counsel on statecraft and dharma, he uses a vivid analogy: the good ruler is like a gardener who plucks flowers without harming the plant, not like a charcoal-maker who cuts the tree down at the root for short-term benefit.