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Shloka 51

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 28: Dharmādharmalakṣaṇa in Āpad

Crisis-Discernment of Right and Wrong

पराजितान्‌ पाण्डवेयांस्तु वाचो रौद्रा रूक्षा भाषते धार्तराष्ट्र: । गदाहस्तो भीमसेनो <प्रमत्तो दुर्योधनं स्मारयिता हि काले

parājitān pāṇḍaveyāṁs tu vāco raudrā rūkṣā bhāṣate dhārtarāṣṭraḥ | gadāhasto bhīmaseno pramatto duryodhanaṁ smārayitā hi kāle ||

Vāyu berkata: “Walaupun putera-putera Pāṇḍu telah ditundukkan, putera Dhṛtarāṣṭra tetap menuturkan kata-kata yang kasar dan murka. Namun pada waktunya, Bhīmasena—berpalu gada dan bangkit dengan tekad yang garang—akan membuat Duryodhana mengingati (akibat keangkuhan itu).”

पराजितान्defeated
पराजितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपराजित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पाण्डवेयान्the Pandavas' men / the Pandavas (descendants of Pandu)
पाण्डवेयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डवेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वाचःwords, speech
वाचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
रौद्राःfierce
रौद्राः:
TypeAdjective
Rootरौद्र
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
रूक्षाःharsh, rough
रूक्षाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootरूक्ष
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
भाषतेspeaks
भाषते:
TypeVerb
Rootभाष्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
धार्तराष्ट्रःthe son of Dhritarashtra (Duryodhana)
धार्तराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गदाहस्तःhaving a mace in hand
गदाहस्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootगदाहस्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भीमसेनःBhimasena (Bhima)
भीमसेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रमत्तःheedless, intoxicated (with rage)
प्रमत्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रमत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्योधनम्Duryodhana
दुर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्मारयिताreminder; one who will remind
स्मारयिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्मारयितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
कालेat the time, in due course
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
P
Pāṇḍavas
D
Dhārtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana)
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
G
gadā (mace)

Educational Q&A

Harsh, prideful speech—especially after gaining advantage—invites moral and practical consequences. The verse underscores that arrogance and cruelty in words are not signs of true strength; in time, righteous retribution and accountability arise.

Vāyu comments on Duryodhana’s rough and angry words toward the Pāṇḍavas, despite their present setback. He foretells that Bhīma, famed for wielding the mace, will at the right moment force Duryodhana to remember his offenses—hinting at the later decisive confrontation.