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Shloka 21

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय २५: संजयदूतवाक्यम्

Sañjaya’s Envoy-Speech on Peace

कर्ण जो ऐसा समझता है कि युद्धमें धनुष उठाये हुए अर्जुनको जीत लेना सहज है, वह उसकी भूल है। पहले भी तो बड़े-बड़े युद्ध हो चुके हैं। उनमें कर्ण इन कौरवोंका आश्रयदाता क्‍यों न हो सका?

Karṇa yo evaṁ samajhate yuddhe dhanuṣ-uddhṛtaṁ Arjunaṁ jetuṁ sahajam iti, sā tasya bhrāntiḥ. Pūrvam api mahā-mahā yuddhāni abhavan; teṣu Karṇaḥ eṣāṁ Kauravāṇāṁ āśrayadātā kuto na abhavat?

Sanjaya berkata: Jika Karna menyangka bahawa mudah untuk menewaskan Arjuna ketika dia berdiri di medan perang dengan busur terangkat, itu hanyalah khayal dan kesilapannya. Dahulu pun telah berlaku peperangan-peperangan besar; namun dalam saat-saat genting itu, mengapa Karna tidak mampu menjadi pelindung sejati dan tempat berlindung bagi para Kaurava ini?

कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
मन्यतेthinks/considers
मन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
यत्that (introducing clause)
यत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद्
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उत्क्षिप्यhaving lifted/raised
उत्क्षिप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-क्षिप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
अर्जुनम्Arjuna
अर्जुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जेतुम्to conquer
जेतुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
सुखम्easily
सुखम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus/that
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
तत्that (idea)
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अस्यof him
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
भ्रमःerror/delusion
भ्रमः:
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पूर्वम्formerly/before
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्वम्
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
महान्तःgreat
महान्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
युद्धाःwars/battles
युद्धाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अभवन्were/occurred
अभवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेषुin those (battles)
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एतेषाम्of these
एतेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
कौरवाणाम्of the Kauravas
कौरवाणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
आश्रयदाताprotector/support-giver
आश्रयदाता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रयदाता
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्why/what
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अभवत्was/became
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सकःable/capable
सकः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
K
Karna
A
Arjuna
K
Kauravas
B
bow (dhanuṣ)
W
war/battle (yuddha)

Educational Q&A

Boastful confidence must be tested against past conduct and proven capacity. Ethical judgment in war requires realism: true strength is shown by consistent protection and responsibility, not by claims of easy victory.

Sanjaya evaluates Karna’s confidence about defeating Arjuna. He challenges Karna’s assumption by recalling earlier great conflicts and asking why Karna did not then serve as the decisive protector of the Kauravas—implying that Arjuna is not an opponent to be dismissed.