Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 5

Adhyāya 20 — Rājadharma Argument for Paternal Inheritance and Timely Conciliation

धृतराष्ट्रस्य ये पुत्रा: प्राप्तं तैः पैतृकं वसु । पाण्डुपुत्रा: कथं नाम न प्राप्ता: पैतृक वसु,'राजा धृतराष्ट्र तथा पाण्डु दोनों एक ही पिताके सुविख्यात पुत्र हैं। पैतृक सम्पत्तिमें दोनोंका समान अधिकार है, इसमें तनिक भी संशय नहीं है। धृतराष्ट्रके जो पुत्र हैं, उन्होंने तो पैतृक धन प्राप्त कर लिया, परंतु पाण्डवोंको वह पैतृक सम्पत्ति क्‍यों न प्राप्त हो?

dhṛtarāṣṭrasya ye putrāḥ prāptaṃ taiḥ paitṛkaṃ vasu | pāṇḍuputrāḥ kathaṃ nāma na prāptāḥ paitṛkaṃ vasu ||

Vaiśampāyana berkata: “Anak-anak Dhṛtarāṣṭra telah memperoleh harta pusaka leluhur. Maka bagaimana pula anak-anak Pāṇḍu tidak memperoleh warisan yang sama itu? Oleh sebab Dhṛtarāṣṭra dan Pāṇḍu ialah dua putera termasyhur daripada bapa yang satu, tuntutan mereka terhadap pusaka adalah setara—tiada keraguan. Namun Kaurava telah mengambil warisan itu; mengapa Pāṇḍava dinafikan apa yang sememangnya hak mereka?”

धृतराष्ट्रस्यof Dhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
येwho/which
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्राप्तम्obtained/received
प्राप्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तैःby them
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
पैतृकम्paternal/ancestral
पैतृकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपैतृक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वसुwealth, property
वसु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवसु
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पाण्डुपुत्राःsons of Pāṇḍu (Pāṇḍavas)
पाण्डुपुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डु-पुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कथम्how/why
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
नामindeed, pray (emphatic particle)
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्राप्ताःobtained/received
प्राप्ताः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
पैतृकम्paternal/ancestral
पैतृकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपैतृक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वसुwealth, property
वसु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवसु
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons (Kauravas)
P
Pāṇḍu
P
Pāṇḍu's sons (Pāṇḍavas)
P
paitṛka vasu (ancestral wealth)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds dharma in matters of inheritance: when heirs share the same paternal line, denying one branch its rightful share is adharma and becomes a moral seed of larger conflict.

Vaiśampāyana highlights the central grievance behind the impending war: Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons have taken control of the ancestral kingdom/wealth, while Pāṇḍu’s sons are excluded despite having an equal claim.