Shloka 5

Adhyāya 195 — Arjuna’s Capability and Restraint Regarding Divyāstras

Udyoga Parva

Devanagari script

अथ सैन्यं यथायोगं पूजयित्वा नरर्षभ:

Transliteration

atha sainyaṃ yathāyogaṃ pūjayitvā nararṣabhaḥ

Translation

Kemudian, sang lembu jantan di antara manusia itu, setelah memuliakan bala tentera sebagaimana patut menurut adat dan keadaan, pun meneruskan langkahnya.

Word by Word

• अथ: then/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• सैन्यम्: army
• सैन्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• यथा: as/according to
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• योगम्: proper arrangement/order
• योगम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पूजयित्वा: having honored/worshipped
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूज्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)

• नरर्षभः: the bull among men (best of men)
• नरर्षभः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरर्षभ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• वैशम्पायन (Vaiśampāyana)
• सैन्य (the army)
• नरर्षभ (an unnamed eminent man/leader, epithet)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even on the brink of conflict, dharma requires proper conduct: a leader should honor and acknowledge the army according to custom, reinforcing morale, order, and ethical responsibility rather than treating warriors as mere instruments.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana narrates that an eminent leader first performs the fitting act of honoring the assembled troops, and only then moves forward with the next action in the episode, emphasizing orderly preparation in the war-setting.