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Shloka 16

भीष्मकृतः पाण्डवपक्ष-महारथ-प्रशंसा

Bhishma’s appraisal of Pandava-aligned chariot-warriors

न हायनैर्न पलितैर्न वित्तैर्न च बन्धुभि: । महारथत्वं संख्यातुं शक्‍यं क्षत्रस्य कौरव,“कौरव! केवल बड़ी अवस्था हो जाने, बाल पक जाने, अधिक धनका संग्रह कर लेने तथा बहुसंख्यक भाई-बन्धुओंके होनेसे ही किसी क्षत्रियको महारथी नहीं गिना जा सकता

na hāyanair na palitair vittair na ca bandhubhiḥ | mahārathatvaṃ saṅkhyātuṃ śakyaṃ kṣatrasya kaurava ||

Bhīṣma berkata: “Wahai Kaurava, seorang kṣatriya tidak dapat dihitung sebagai ‘mahāratha’ semata-mata kerana usianya lanjut, rambutnya memutih, hartanya melimpah, atau kerana disokong oleh ramai kaum kerabat.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हायनैःby years (by age)
हायनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहायन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पलितैःby grey hairs
पलितैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपलित
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वित्तैःby wealth
वित्तैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवित्त
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बन्धुभिःby kinsmen/relatives
बन्धुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
महारथत्वम्the status of being a great chariot-warrior
महारथत्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथत्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
संख्यातुम्to count/consider
संख्यातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसंख्या (धातु: ख्या)
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
शक्यम्possible
शक्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रस्यof a kshatriya/warrior
क्षत्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्र
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
कौरवO Kaurava
कौरव:
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
Kaurava (addressed person/lineage)
K
Kshatriya (warrior class)
M
Mahāratha (warrior rank)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that true greatness in a warrior (mahāratha status) is not determined by external markers—age, grey hair, wealth, or numerous relatives—but by genuine capability and proven excellence; ethical judgment should prioritize merit over appearance and social advantage.

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war counsel, Bhishma addresses a Kaurava and cautions against overestimating a kshatriya’s rank based on seniority, riches, or family backing, urging a more truthful assessment of martial strength and worth as tensions move toward war.