Shloka 34
Adhyāya 160: Arjuna’s Envoy-Message—Critique of Borrowed Valor and Pre-dawn Mobilization
Devanagari script
एवमेतत् सदा दण्डं क्षत्रिया: क्षत्रिये दधु: । वेणीं कृत्वा षण्ढवेष: कन्यां नर्तितवानसि
Translation
Ulūka berkata: “Demikianlah sejak dahulu kala: para kṣatriya menjatuhkan hukuman ke atas kṣatriya yang menjadi lawan. Maka engkau pun terpaksa mengikat rambut menjadi tocang, menyamar dengan pakaian seorang sida-sida, dan menari untuk menghiburkan puteri Raja Virāṭa.”
Word by Word
एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
एतत्this (thing)
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
दण्डम्punishment, chastisement
दण्डम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
क्षत्रियाःkshatriyas, warriors
क्षत्रियाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
क्षत्रियेto/for a kshatriya (warrior)
क्षत्रिये:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
Formmasculine, dative, singular
दधुःthey placed/inflicted
दधुः:
TypeVerb
Rootधा
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
वेणीम्braid, plait (of hair)
वेणीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेणी
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
कृत्वाhaving made/done
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा), active
षण्ढ-वेषःone with the guise of a eunuch
षण्ढ-वेषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootषण्ढवेष
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
कन्याम्the maiden/daughter
कन्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
नर्तितवान्made (her) dance; caused to dance
नर्तितवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootनर्तय् (णिच् of नृत्)
Formpast active participle (क्तवतु), masculine, nominative, singular
असिyou are / you have (done)
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formpresent (laṭ), 2nd, singular, parasmaipada
Speaker
उलूक उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes