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Shloka 25

Rukmī’s Offer of Aid and Arjuna’s Refusal (रुक्मिप्रस्तावः—अर्जुनप्रत्याख्यानम्)

कर्ण उवाच नाहं जीवति गाड़ेये राजन्‌ योत्स्पे कथंचन । हते भीष्मे तु योत्स्यामि सह गाण्डीवधन्चना,कर्ण बोला--राजन! मैं गंगानन्दन भीष्मके जीते-जी किसी प्रकार युद्ध नहीं करूँगा। इनके मारे जानेपर ही गाण्डीवधारी अर्जुनके साथ लड़ूँगा

karṇa uvāca | nāhaṃ jīvati gāṅgeye rājan yotsye kathaṃcana | hate bhīṣme tu yotsyāmi saha gāṇḍīvadhanvanā ||

Karna berkata: “Wahai raja, selagi Bhīṣma, putera Sungai Gangga, masih hidup, aku tidak akan bertempur dalam apa jua keadaan. Hanya setelah Bhīṣma ditewaskan barulah aku akan bertempur—ketika itu aku akan beradu senjata dengan Arjuna, pemegang Gāṇḍīva.”

कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
जीवतिlives / is alive
जीवति:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
गाङ्गेयेwhen/while the son of Ganga (Bhishma) is (alive)
गाङ्गेये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगाङ्गेय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
योत्स्येI will fight
योत्स्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormFuture, First, Singular, Atmanepada
कथंचनin any way; at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन
हतेwhen (he is) slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeParticiple
Rootहन्
FormPast passive participle (kta), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
भीष्मेin/when Bhishma (is slain)
भीष्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut; indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
योत्स्यामिI will fight
योत्स्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormFuture, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
गाण्डीवधन्वनाwith the bearer of the Gandiva bow (Arjuna)
गाण्डीवधन्वना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगाण्डीवधन्वन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

कर्ण उवाच

K
Karṇa
B
Bhīṣma (Gāṅgeya, son of Gaṅgā)
A
Arjuna (Gāṇḍīvadhanvan)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'rājan')
G
Gaṅgā
G
Gāṇḍīva (bow)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a warrior’s code of honor and personal resolve: Karna will not fight while Bhishma commands, implying respect for hierarchy and a refusal to act in a situation he deems improper or dishonorable; he postpones his rivalry with Arjuna until Bhishma is removed.

In the pre-war deliberations of the Udyoga Parva, Karna declares to the king that he will abstain from battle as long as Bhishma lives, and that only after Bhishma’s fall will he enter the fight, specifically to confront Arjuna, famed as the Gandiva-bearer.