Shloka 52

तदुग्र॑ सागरनिभ क्षुब्धं बलसमागमम्‌ | रथपात्तिगजोदग्रं महोर्मिभिरिवाकुलम्‌,रथ, पैदल और हाथियोंसे भरी हुई वह भयंकर सेना उत्ताल तरंगोंसे व्याप्त महासागरके समान क्षुब्ध हो उठी

tad ugraṃ sāgaranibhaṃ kṣubdhaṃ balasamāgamam | rathapāttigajodagraṃ mahormibhir ivākulam ||

Vaiśampāyana berkata: Himpunan bala tentera yang garang itu bergelora seperti lautan maha luas—sesak dengan kereta perang, infantri, dan gajah—kacau-bilau seolah-olah dihentam ombak yang menjulang. Gambaran ini menegaskan bahawa amarah dan persaingan, apabila berhimpun, menjadi kuasa berbahaya yang membesar dengan sendirinya, mengancam untuk menenggelamkan kendali diri dan dharma.

tatthat
tat:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad
Formneuter, nominative, singular
ugramfierce, terrible
ugram:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootugra
Formneuter, nominative, singular
sāgara-nibhamocean-like
sāgara-nibham:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootsāgara-nibha
Formneuter, nominative, singular
kṣubdhamagitated, churned up
kṣubdham:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣubh
Formpast passive participle (kta), neuter, nominative, singular
bala-samāgamamconcourse/massing of armies
bala-samāgamam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootbala-samāgama
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
ratha-patti-gaja-udagramlofty/abounding in chariots, foot-soldiers, and elephants
ratha-patti-gaja-udagram:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootratha-patti-gaja-udagra
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
mahā-ūrmibhiḥwith great waves
mahā-ūrmibhiḥ:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootmahā-ūrmi
Formfeminine, instrumental, plural
ivalike, as if
iva:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva
ākulamturbulent, confused
ākulam:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootākula
Formmasculine, accusative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
army/host (balasamāgama)
C
chariots (ratha)
I
infantry (pādāti/patti)
E
elephants (gaja)
O
ocean (sāgara)
W
waves (ūrmī)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses the ocean simile to show how amassed military power and anger become turbulent and hard to restrain; ethically, it warns that once conflict is mobilized, it can overwhelm deliberation and dharma unless checked early.

The narrator describes the gathered army swelling into a frightening, wave-tossed mass—dense with chariots, foot-soldiers, and elephants—signaling the mounting momentum toward war.