Shloka 20

प्रतिज्ञां दुष्करां कृत्वा पितुरर्थे कुलस्य च । अराजा चोध्वरिताश्व यथा सुविदितं तव । प्रतीतो निवसाम्येष प्रतिज्ञामनुपालयन्‌,“किसी प्रकार इस कुलका उच्छेद न हो और इसके यशका सदा विस्तार होता रहे'-- उनकी आन्तरिक इच्छा जानकर मैं कुलकी भलाई और पिताकी प्रसन्नताके लिये राजा न होने और जीवनभर ऊध्वरिता (नैप्ठिक ब्रह्मचारी) रहनेकी दुष्कर प्रतिज्ञा करके माता काली (सत्यवती)-को ले आया। ये सारी बातें तुमको अच्छी तरह ज्ञात हैं। मैं उसी प्रतिज्ञाका पालन करता हुआ सदा प्रसन्नतापूर्वक यहाँ निवास करता हूँ

pratijñāṁ duṣkarāṁ kṛtvā pitur arthe kulasya ca | arājā codhvaritāśva yathā suviditaṁ tava | pratīto nivasāmy eṣa pratijñām anupālayan |

Setelah mengambil sumpah yang sukar demi ayahandaku dan demi dinasti, aku bertekad hidup tanpa takhta dan sebagai ūrdhvaretaḥ (selibat seumur hidup), sebagaimana engkau ketahui benar. Dengan memahami hasrat batin ayahandaku—“janganlah keluarga ini terputus, dan biarlah kemasyhurannya sentiasa berkembang”—aku membawa Satyavatī (Kālī) ke sini. Dengan hati yang tenang, aku tinggal di sini, setia memelihara sumpah itu.

प्रतिज्ञाम्a vow
प्रतिज्ञाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिज्ञा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दुष्कराम्difficult (to do)
दुष्कराम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्कर
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving made / having undertaken
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active
पितुःof (my) father
पितुः:
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अर्थेfor the sake / in the interest
अर्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कुलस्यof the lineage
कुलस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अराजाnot being king / kingless (as for me: without kingship)
अराजा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ऊर्ध्वरिताश्वःone who has taken the vow of lifelong celibacy (lit. 'with raised seed')
ऊर्ध्वरिताश्वः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootऊर्ध्वरिताश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas / just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
सुविदितम्well-known
सुविदितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुविदित
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
तवto you / of you
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
प्रतीतःcontent / satisfied
प्रतीतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतीत
Formक्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
निवसामिI dwell / I reside
निवसामि:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-वास्
FormPresent (Lat), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
एषःthis (one/thing)
एषः:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतिज्ञाम्the vow
प्रतिज्ञाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिज्ञा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अनुपालयन्upholding / observing
अनुपालयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-पाल्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Active

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
F
father (pituḥ)
K
kula (lineage)
S
Satyavatī (Kālī)
V
vow (pratijñā)
Ū
ūrdhvaretaḥ/naishṭhika brahmacarya (lifelong celibacy)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharma expressed as steadfastness to a difficult vow: personal sacrifice (renouncing kingship and embracing lifelong celibacy) undertaken for a higher responsibility—one’s father’s welfare and the continuity and honor of the lineage.

The speaker recalls making an arduous pledge to satisfy his father’s inner desire that the dynasty not perish and its fame increase; therefore he brought Satyavatī (also called Kālī) and continues to live contentedly while strictly maintaining that vow.