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Shloka 39

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय १४० (कृष्णेन कर्णं प्रति पाण्डवबल-वैशिष्ट्यप्रदर्शनम्) / Udyoga Parva, Chapter 140

Krishna’s appraisal of Pandava advantage and war portents

असयोअत्र कपालानि पुरोडाशा: शिरांसि च | हविस्तु रुधिरं कृष्ण तस्मिन्‌ यज्ञे भविष्यति,श्रीकृष्ण! उस यज्ञमें खड़ग ही कपाल, शत्रुओंके मस्तक ही पुरोडाश तथा रुधिर ही हविष्य होंगे

asayo 'tra kapālāni puroḍāśāḥ śirāṃsi ca | havis tu rudhiraṃ kṛṣṇa tasmin yajñe bhaviṣyati ||

Karna mengisytiharkan kepada Krishna: “Wahai Krishna! Dalam yajña itu, pedang akan menjadi mangkuk korban; kepala musuh yang terpenggal akan menjadi persembahan puroḍāśa; dan darah itu sendiri akan menjadi havis—oblasinya.”

असयःswords
असयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअसि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अत्रhere/in this (context)
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
कपालानिskull-cups/skulls
कपालानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकपाल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
पुरोडाशाःpuroḍāśa-cakes (sacrificial cakes)
पुरोडाशाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरोडाश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शिरांसिheads
शिरांसि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हविःoblation
हविः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहविस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
रुधिरम्blood
रुधिरम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरुधिर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कृष्णO Krishna
कृष्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
यज्ञेin the sacrifice
यज्ञे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भविष्यतिwill be
भविष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

कर्ण उवाच

K
Karna
K
Krishna
S
swords (asi)
H
heads (śiras)
B
blood (rudhira)
Y
yajña (sacrifice, metaphor for war)
K
kapāla (sacrificial bowl/skull-bowl)
P
puroḍāśa (ritual offering)

Educational Q&A

The verse warns how easily sacred language can be used to legitimize violence: by calling war a ‘yajña’, Karna rhetorically sanctifies bloodshed. Ethically, it highlights the degeneration of dharma when dialogue and restraint are abandoned, and when ritual ideals are inverted into instruments of destruction.

In Udyoga Parva’s pre-war negotiations and declarations, Karna addresses Krishna with a fierce resolve. He portrays the impending battle as a horrific sacrificial rite—swords as vessels, enemy heads as offerings, and blood as oblation—signaling his commitment to fight and the near-inevitability of war.