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Shloka 4

Udyoga Parva Adhyāya 132 — Vidura’s Counsel on Udyama, Yaśas, and Kṣātra-Dharma

विदुला नाम राजन्या जगरहें पुत्रमौरसम्‌ । निर्जितं सिन्धुराजेन शयानं दीनचेतसम्‌

vidulā nāma rājanīyā jagarhe putram aurasam | nirjitaṁ sindhurājena śayānaṁ dīnacetasam ||

Vāyu berkata: Seorang wanita bangsawan bernama Vidulā menegur dengan keras putera kandungnya sendiri, yang—setelah ditewaskan oleh raja Sindhu—terbaring lesu, jiwanya tenggelam dalam kehinaan dan putus asa.

विदुलाVidulā (name of a woman)
विदुला:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविदुला
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
नामby name
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनामन्
राजन्याa Kṣatriya woman / princess
राजन्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
जगरहेrebuked / reproached
जगरहे:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
औरसम्own (born of her body), legitimate
औरसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootऔरस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निर्जितम्defeated / conquered
निर्जितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्जित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सिन्धुराजेनby the king of Sindhu
सिन्धुराजेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसिन्धुराज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शयानम्lying (down)
शयानम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootशी
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, Śatṛ (present active participle)
दीनचेतसम्of dejected mind / dispirited
दीनचेतसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदीनचेतस्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyu)
विदुला (Vidulā)
पुत्र (her son)
सिन्धुराज (King of Sindhu)
सिन्धु (Sindhu)

Educational Q&A

The verse sets up a moral correction: after defeat, a warrior-prince should not surrender to despair. Vidulā’s rebuke implies that honor and duty require regaining courage, self-command, and purposeful action rather than remaining mentally crushed.

Vāyu introduces an episode in which the queen Vidulā confronts her own son. He has been defeated by the king of Sindhu and lies down in despondency; seeing this, she censures him, preparing to exhort him toward renewed effort and kṣatriya resolve.